Chp 16: Part V: Homeostatic Imbalances Of The Reproductive System

Front 1

Prostate _________ , or growth of the prostate, affects nearly every older man, and strangles the urethra.

Back 1

hypertrophy

This condition makes urination difficult and enhances the risk of bladder infections and kidney damage.

Front 2

Prostatitis

Back 2

is inflammation of the prostate, and is the most common reason for a man to consult with a urologist.

Front 3

Prostate cancer

Back 3

is the third most prevalent cancer in men.

Front 4

Male infertility

Back 4

may be caused by obstructions of the duct system, hormonal imbalances, environmental estrogens, pesticides, excessive alcohol, and other reasons..

Environmental threats can alter the normal process of sperm formation. Factors such as antibiotic use, radiation, lead, pesticides, marijuana, tobacco, and alcohol can cause production of abnormal sperm.

Front 5

Sexual infantilism

Back 5

in males occurs when testosterone is not produced, and the secondary sex characteristics never appear. Other reproductive organs remain childlike.

Front 6

Sterility

Back 6

also occurs because testosterone is necessary for the final stages of sperm production.

Front 7

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Back 7

is an infection of the peritoneal cavity causing extremely severe inflammation in women. Sexually transmitted diseases can spread into the peritoneal cavity from the reproductive tract because the uterine tubes are not continuous distally with the ovaries causing PID.

Front 8

Cervical cancer

Back 8

is common among women between the ages of 30 and 50. A yearly Pap smear is the single most important diagnostic test for detecting this slow-growing cancer.

Front 9

Breast cancer

Back 9

is the second most common cause of death in American women. A total of 1 woman in 8 will develop breast cancer. Breast cancer is often signaled by a change in skin texture, puckering, or leakage from the nipple. Early detection by breast self-examination and mammography is the best way to increase a woman's chance of surviving breast cancer.

Front 10

The ending of a pregnancy by loss of a fetus during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy is called __________.

Back 10

abortion

Front 11

Substances that may cause life-threatening birth defects or fetal death include...

Back 11

alcohol, nicotine, and prescription and illicit drugs, along with infections such as rubella.

Front 12

___________ is a condition where oxygen delivery to the infant during labor is inadequate and results in fetal brain damage and decreased infant viability.

Back 12

Dystocia

To prevent these outcomes, a cesarean section, or C-section, may be performed. A C-section is delivery of the infant through a surgical incision made through the abdominal and uterine walls.

Front 13

A _________________ is an individual with external genitalia that do not match their gonads.

Back 13

pseudohermaphrodite

This can be caused by an interference with the normal pattern of sex hormone production in the embryo.

Front 14

A ____________ is a rare condition where individuals possess both ovarian and testicular tissue.

Back 14

hermaphrodite

Front 15

Failure of the testes to make their normal descent in utero, leads to a condition called ______________.

Back 15

cryptorchidism

This condition results in sterility of a male; surgery is usually performed during childhood to rectify this problem.