Child Development Chapter 5

Front 1

Ovum

Back 1

An unfertilized egg

Front 2

Ovulation

Back 2

The release of a mature egg from an ovary

Front 3

Germinal stage

Back 3

The prenatal stage the lasts from conception to two weeks post conception

Front 4

Blastocyst

Back 4

A hollow ball of cells that consists of the Inner Cell Mass (which becomes the embryo) and an outer ring of cells (which can cause the placenta and chorion)

Front 5

Inner Cell Mass

Back 5

A solid clump of cells in the blastocyst, which layer develops into the embryo

Front 6

Trophoblast

Back 6

The outer ring of cells in the blastocyst that later develops the support system for the pregnancy

Front 7

Infertility

Back 7

The inability to conceive within one year of frequent, unprotected sex

Front 8

Embryonic stage

Back 8

The prenatal stage the last from two weeks to two months post conception

Front 9

Embryo

Back 9

The developing organism from conception to the end of the second month of pregnancy

Front 10

Amnion

Back 10

The inner fetal membrane that surrounds the fetus and is filled with amniotic fluid

Front 11

Fetus

Back 11

The developing organism from the end of the eighth week post conception until birth

Front 12

Placenta

Back 12

The organ that supports a pregnancy by bringing oxygen and nutrients to the embryo from the mother through the umbilical cord and carrying away fetal waste products

Front 13

Organogenesis

Back 13

The process and prenatal development by which all of the major organ systems of the body are laid down

Front 14

Critical Period

Back 14

A period of time during which development is occurring rapidly and the organism is especially sensitive to damage, which often is severe and irreversible

Front 15

Cephalocaudal development

Back 15

A principle whereby development proceeds from the head region down through the body

Front 16

Ultrasound

Back 16

A prenatal test that uses high frequency sound waves to create an image of the developing embryos size, shape and position in the womb

Front 17

Fetal stage

Back 17

The prenatal stage the lasts from week 9 post conception until birth

Front 18

First trimester

Back 18

May not be apparent to other people that the woman is pregnant, but changes in the level of her hormones may cause some effects, including fatigue, breast tenderness, and morning sickness

Front 19

Second trimester

Back 19

Most women start to feel better and the pregnancy becomes more apparent as a fetus grows larger. Woman is now able to feel the fetus moving inside her

Front 20

Third trimester

Back 20

The fetus continues to grow, and the woman becomes more tired and uncomfortable. At the end of this she will experience the fetus dropping lower within her as it begins to get into position to begin the birth process

Front 21

Quickening

Back 21

First fetal movements

Front 22

Miscarriage

Back 22

The natural loss of a pregnancy before the fetus reaches a gestational age of 20 weeks

Front 23

Abortion

Back 23

A medical procedure that uses medicine or surgery to remove an embryo or fetus and placenta from a woman's uterus

Front 24

Teratogen

Back 24

Agents that can disrupt prenatal development and cause malformations or termination of the pregnancy

Front 25

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Back 25

A condition in the child resulting from heavy or binge consumption of alcohol during the pregnancy

Associated with characteristic facial features, small stature, and a small head, as well as cognitive deficits and the trouble of controlling behavior and regulating emotions

Front 26

Fetal alcohol Spectrum disorders (FADs)

Back 26

A range of impairments in a child resulting from consumption of alcohol during a pregnancy

Front 27

Endocrine disruptors

Back 27

Chemicals that interfere with the functioning of the hormonal systems of the body

Front 28

Braxton Hicks contractions

Back 28

Contractions which can begin as early as the sixth week of pregnancy but aren't noticeable until mid-pregnancy

Front 29

Cervix

Back 29

The narrow, lower end of the uterus

Front 30

Early labor

Back 30

The first phase in the first stage of Labor in which contraction are usually not painful while the cervix begins to thin out and dilate

Front 31

Active labor

Back 31

The second phase in the first stage of Labor in which contractions become longer, stronger, and more frequent and the cervix dilates to 4cm

Front 32

Transition

Back 32

The third phase in the first stage of labor in which contractions come in rapid succession and last up to 90 seconds each, with a little or no pause between them, and which ends when the cervix has dilated 10 centimeters

Front 33

Doula

Back 33

A trained, knowledgeable companion who supports a woman during her labor and delivery

Front 34

Apgar scale

Back 34

An assessment of a newborn's overall condition at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth that is based on the newborns activity level, pulse, grimace, appearance, and respiration

Front 35

Infant States

Back 35

Different levels of consciousness used to regulate the amount of stimulation the infant receives

States range from crying to deep sleep

Front 36

Premature (preterm)

Back 36

A birth that occurs before gestational age of 37 weeks

Front 37

Low birth weight

Back 37

A full-term infant who weighs less than 5 lb, 8 oz

Front 38

Kangaroo care

Back 38

A practice where the baby is placed in skin to skin contact with the parents bear chest or breast and draped with a blanket

Front 39

Infant mortality

Back 39

The rate of infant death within the first year of life

Front 40

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Back 40

The death of an apparently healthy infant

the rate of ___ peaks between the ages of 1 month and 4

Front 41

Depression with peripartum onset

Back 41

A major depression that occurs in the last month of pregnancy or the first couple of months after birth

Front 42

Couvade

Back 42

A sympathetic pregnancy in which a man experiences a variety of symptoms associated with pregnancy or childbirth while his partner is pregnant