Child Cp8

Front 1

Antisocial personality disorder is diagnosed at 15 when a long history of conduct disordered behavior is present.

Back 1

False, after 18

Front 2

"Normal" nonclinic children do not exhibit oppositional and noncompliant behavior.

Back 2

False

Front 3

Callous and unemotional traits put a child at risk for long-term conduct problems.

Back 3

True

Front 4

Firesetting represents a behavior that would be described as a covert antisocial behavior.

Back 4

True

Front 5

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is described as a pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior that is developmentally extreme.

Back 5

True

Front 6

The essential feature of a diagnosis of conduct disorder (CD) is a seldom and inconsistent pattern of behavior that ignores the basic rights of others but observes societal norms.

Back 6

False, repetitive and consistent

Front 7

Relational aggression is found more often in males than females.

Back 7

False

Front 8

Research indicates that there is a relationship between bullying behavior and later criminal behavior.

Back 8

True

Front 9

Victims of bullying often experience a variety of negative outcomes including depression and loneliness.

Back 9

True

Front 10

Tolerance is defined as the need to use increased amounts of a drug or alcohol.

Back 10

True

Front 11

Conduct problems are one of the most frequent reasons for referral to child and adolescent treatment service.

Back 11

True

Front 12

Early conduct-disordered behavior is predictive of later antisocial behavior, but not other social-emotional difficulties later in life.

Back 12

False

Front 13

Loeber and colleagues conceptualized antisocial behavior as occurring along multiple pathways, that is, either an overt, covert, or authority conflict pathway.

Back 13

True

Front 14

Patterson et al. have found that in problematic families punishment does not suppress coercive behavior, but may serve to increase it.

Back 14

True

Front 15

Parents who themselves have antisocial difficulties may do better than most in avoiding such behavior in their own children.

Back 15

False

Front 16

In the assessment of conduct disorders (CD), a clinician would generally be very interested in parental behaviors and parenting styles.

Back 16

True

Front 17

Distinguishing between confrontational antisocial behaviors and concealed antisocial behaviors is a distinction between
a. externalizing and internalizing antisocial behavior.
b. overt and covert antisocial behavior.
c. destructive and nondestructive antisocial behavior.
d. attention deficit and conduct disordered antisocial behavior.

Back 17

b. overt and covert antisocial behavior

Front 18

Distinguishing between antisocial youngsters whose primary problems are arguing, fighting, and temper tantrums and
those whose problems are lying, stealing, and truancy is an example of the _ ______ distinction in grouping problems
within the broad externalizing/conduct disorder category.
a. overcontrolled vs. undercontrolled
b. silent symptom
c. child vs. adult onset
d. overt vs. covert

Back 18

d. overt vs. covert

Front 19

An 11-year-old youngster has, for about a period of one year, frequently exhibited the following behaviors: loses temper,
refuses to follow requests or rules, deliberately annoys others, and is touchy and easily annoyed. He would likely receive
a DSM-IV diagnosis of
a. attention-deficit disorder.
b. oppositional-defiant disorder.
c. overt conduct disorder.
d. early-onset conduct disorder.

Back 19

b. oppositional-defiant disorder

Front 20

All of the following statements regarding fire setting are accurate except
a. fire setting is considered a covert behavior.
b. a large percentage of conduct disordered youth engage in fire setting.
c. a majority of arson cases are attributed to juvenile fire setting.
d. fire setters are more likely to come from homes with marital violence.

Back 20

b. a large percentage of conduct disordered youth engage in fire setting

Front 21

Which of the following statements regarding the DSM-IV diagnosis of Conduct Disorders is accurate?
a. Conduct disorders and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder are in separate larger categories.
b. The essential feature of the diagnosis is a persistent pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others and
major age-appropriate societal norms.
c. Conduct disorders are part of a larger DSM-IV category called “Externalizing Behavior Disorders.”
d. Conduct disorders and oppositional-defiant disorder are in different larger categories.

Back 21

b. The essential feature of the diagnosis is a persistent pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others and
major age-appropriate societal norms

Front 22

Which of the following is not a grouping of behaviors included in the criteria for the DSM-IV diagnosis of conduzct
disorder?
a. aggression to people and animals
b. attention problems
c. destruction of property
d. serious violations of rules

Back 22

b. attention problems

Front 23

Bobby, a 13-year-old boy is seen at a clinic. He displays the following behaviors: deliberate destruction of others’
property, lying to obtain favors, staying out at night without permission, and frequent truancy from school. These
behaviors have all been present during the past year and are ongoing. His parents report that this pattern began when
Bobby was 9 years old. Bobby would likely receive a DSM-IV diagnosis of
a. oppositional-defiant disorder.
b. conduct disorder, childhood-onset.
c. conduct disorder, adolescent-onset.
d. oppositional-conduct disorder.

Back 23

b. conduct disorder, childhood-onset.

Front 24

The DSM-IV approach to subtypes of conduct disorders has
a. four subtypes defined by the presence or absence of aggression combined with a socialized/unsocialized distinction.
b. three subtypes: aggressive, nonaggressive, and substance abuse.
c. three subtypes: aggressive, group-delinquent, and other.
d. two subtypes: childhood-onset and adolescent-onset.

Back 24

d. two subtypes: childhood-onset and adolescent-onset

Front 25

The term “relational aggression” refers to
a. physical fighting between siblings.
b. physical fighting between any family members.
c. behaviors intended to damage another child’s feelings or friendships.
d. behaviors intended to hurt another child’s relatives.

Back 25

c. behaviors intended to damage another child’s feelings or friendships

Front 26

Research on relational aggression suggests that
a. boys are more relationally aggressive than girls.
b. relational aggression first emerges during the adolescent years.
c. the presence of gender-normative forms of aggression are associated with greater numbers of behavior problems.
d. relational aggression is associated with feelings of loneliness and depression.

Back 26

d. relational aggression is associated with feelings of loneliness and depression

Front 27

51. A child throws a tantrum, the mother is trying to talk on the phone, gives in and allows the child to have candy, the child
goes to his room and eats the candy. Patterson would label this as an example of
a. self-centered parenting and neglect.
b. punishment acceleration and neglect.
c. Alpha commands and reciprocity.
d. negative reinforcement and reinforcement trap.

Back 27

d. negative reinforcement and reinforcement trap.

Front 28

Which of the following is true regarding youth and violence?
a. Eight percent of US murders are committed by juvenile offenders.
b. Between 25-30 percent of youth report committing assault with the intent to harm.
c. Exposure to violence increases the risk for aggression.
d. a and c
e. a, b, and c

Back 28

e. a, b, and c

Front 29

Which of the following statements best describes the consequences of exposure to violence?
a. Youngsters exposed to violence as victims are at risk for developing externalizing disorders.
b. Youngsters exposed to violence as witnesses are at risk for developing internalizing disorders.
c. Youngsters exposed to violence as witnesses are at risk for developing externalizing and internalizing disorders.
d. Youngsters exposed to violence as either victims or witnesses are at risk for developing externalizing and internalizing disorders.

Back 29

d. Youngsters exposed to violence as either victims or witnesses are at risk for developing externalizing and internalizing disorders

Front 30

Which of the following is true regarding substance use by preadolescents and adolescents?
a. There is concern regarding illicit drug use in this age group.
b. The use of licit drugs is not related to long-term and increased substance abuse.
c. Substance use can be part of the constellation of conduct-disordered behavior.
d. a and c

Back 30

d. a and c

Front 31

___________ is the most widely used substance among young people.
a. Alcohol
b. Marijuana
c. Amphetamines
d. Inhalants

Back 31

a. Alcohol

Front 32

Which of the following statements regarding substance use and abuse by youths is correct?
a. Alcohol is the most commonly used drug among all age groups.
b. Transitional explanations of alcohol abuse are supported by findings that problem drinking in adolescence is always
followed by abuse of alcohol as an adult.
c. Expectations that drinking would facilitate social interactions resulted in less drinking.
d. Early conduct problems are not a risk factor for later substance abuse.

Back 32

a. Alcohol is the most commonly used drug among all age groups

Front 33

According to the Monitoring the Future study,
a. if one includes inhalants in the definition, about 10 percent of eighth graders have used an illicit drug.
b. about 15 percent of eighth graders are smokers.
c. about 5 percent of eighth graders report having been drunk once in their life.
d. a and c

Back 33

c. about 5 percent of eighth graders report having been drunk once in their life.

Front 34

____________ is an attribute of the youngster thought to influence the initiation into and the course of substance use.
a. Expectancy
b. The presence of early conduct problems
c. Genetic endowment
d. b and c
e. a, b, and c

Back 34

e. a, b, and c

Front 35

_____________ is a family influence on adolescent substance use patterns.
a. Attachment quality
b. Family conflict
c. Parental disapproval of use
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

Back 35

d. a and b

Front 36

Which of the following would not be likely according to developmental/sequence notions of substance use?
a. The earlier a youngster begins one stage, the greater is the likelihood of other drug use.
b. The earlier that legal drugs are used the greater the likelihood of illicit drug use.
c. Heavy use at any stage is associated with greater likelihood of progress to the next stage.
d. Participation in one stage means that the youth will progress to the next stage.

Back 36

b. The earlier that legal drugs are used the greater the likelihood of illicit drug use.

Front 37

In regard to peer factors and substance use,
a. peer factors are believed to be the strongest influence.
b. choice in friends is unaffected by substance use.
c. adolescents who think peers are using substances are rarely incorrect.
d. peer approval of use has little impact on the adolescent’s choice to use a substance.

Back 37

a. peer factors are believed to be the strongest influence.??

Front 38

Regarding the relationship between oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) the findings of the
Developmental Trends study suggest that
a. the vast majority of boys who meet the criteria for CD also meet the criteria for ODD.
b. the vast majority of boys with ODD progress to CD.
c. only a small minority of boys with ODD meet the criteria for ODD two years later.
d. CD preceded ODD in most cases.

Back 38

a. the vast majority of boys who meet the criteria for CD also meet the criteria for ODD.

Front 39

Youngsters with conduct disorders may also be likely to
a. meet the criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
b. meet the criteria for ADHD and have poor peer relations.
c. meet the criteria for ADHD and have academic difficulties.
d. meet the criteria for ADHD and have poor peer relations, and have academic difficulties.

Back 39

a. meet the criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Front 40

Youth with disruptive behavior disorders are at higher risk for
a. ADHD.
b. substance use.
c. depression.
d. a, b, and c

Back 40

d. a, b, and c

Front 41

The most mentioned aspect of the development of conduct disorders is probably
a. age of onset.
b. innovation rate.
c. replacement of symptoms.
d. regression.

Back 41

a. age of onset

Front 42

The adolescent-onset pattern of conduct-disordered behavior
a. is a less common developmental path than the childhood-onset pattern.
b. is less likely to result in arrest than someone the same age with a childhood-onset pattern.
c. is characterized by less aggressive behavior than the childhood-onset pattern.
d. has a larger proportion of males than the childhood-onset pathway.

Back 42

c. is characterized by less aggressive behavior than the childhood-onset pattern.

Front 43

The childhood (early)-onset developmental pathway for conduct-disordered behavior
a. is a less stable pattern than later onset.
b. is a less common pattern than adolescent-onset.
c. is not likely to be associated with difficulties such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
d. occurs in about 20 percent of the general population.

Back 43

b. is a less common pattern than adolescent-onset.

Front 44

Hinshaw and his colleagues’ description of the preschooler who throws temper tantrums, becoming the child who initiates fights, becoming the youth who abuses alcohol, becoming the young adult who writes bad checks is meant to illustrate _______ of early-onset conduct-disordered behavior.
a. lack of stability
b. stability and comorbidity
c. stability and qualitative change
d. passive-aggressive nature

Back 44

c. stability and qualitative change

Front 45

Which of the following is not one of Loeber’s developmental pathways for antisocial behavior?
a. authority conflict pathway
b. covert pathway
c. comorbid pathway
d. overt pathway

Back 45

c. comorbid pathway

Front 46

According to Loeber, entry into the ______ pathway typically begins earlier than entry into other antisocial behavior developmental pathways.
a. authority conflict pathway
b. covert pathway
c. comorbid pathway
d. overt pathway

Back 46

a. authority conflict pathway

Front 47

Which of the following factors is thought to account for a greater rate of child noncompliance in some families?
a. the use of negative consequences for noncompliant behavior by these parents
b. the low number of commands these parents give
c. the manner in which commands are delivered by these parents
d. the high rates of positive consequences given by these parents for compliant behavior

Back 47

c. the manner in which commands are delivered by these parents

Front 48

Patterson's explanations of how problematic behavior develops in aggressive children is labeled "coercion theory"
because
a. problem behaviors are seen as developing as a way of controlling family members.
b. these families need to be coerced into coming into the clinic.
c. information is available only through coercing family members.
d. the child is labeled as problematic since he is the family member who uses coercion against his prosocial family members.

Back 48

a. problem behaviors are seen as developing as a way of controlling family members.

Front 49

A negative reinforcement trap
a. occurs when a mother is reinforced for giving in to a child's tantrum by the child stopping the tantrum.
b. refers to a parent being trapped by circumstances into frequent use of punishment.
c. refers to a parent being forced to use negative reinforcement due to the unavailability of positive reinforcement.
d. results in both immediate and long-term negative consequences for a parent.

Back 49

a. occurs when a mother is reinforced for giving in to a child's tantrum by the child stopping the tantrum

Front 50

Which of the following are the parenting constructs in Patterson’s basic parent training model?
a. parental punishment and parental reward
b. parental discipline and parental monitoring
c. parental discipline and parental coercion
d. parental monitoring and parental coercion

Back 50

b. parental discipline and parental monitoring

Front 51

According to Patterson, each of the following contributes to poor parental monitoring in problem families except
a. failure to control the child even when difficulties have occurred right in front of them.
b. trying to avoid confrontations with the child.
c. low expectations of positive consequences from their child or social agencies for their involvement.
d. the greater demands of experiencing large amounts of supervised time with their children.

Back 51

d. the greater demands of experiencing large amounts of supervised time with their children

Front 52

According to Patterson, parents of problem children
a. do not classify as many child behaviors as deviant as compared to other parents.
b. nag or scold in response to behaviors other parents consider neutral.
c. ignore low-level coercive behaviors more than other parents.
d. overreward compliant behavior compared to other parents.

Back 52

b. nag or scold in response to behaviors other parents consider neutral

Front 53

Which of the following statements is accurate?
a. Divorce causes conduct disorders in boys.
b. Divorce causes conduct disorders in girls.
c. Degree of conflict surrounding a divorce is probably a principal influence on whether the divorce will contribute to
conduct problems in boys.
d. Aggression between the parents has little impact on the likely outcome for the child beyond that based on marital
discord alone.

Back 53

c. Degree of conflict surrounding a divorce is probably a principal influence on whether the divorce will contribute to
conduct problems in boys.

Front 54

According to Dodge and his colleagues, ______ is a “hot-blooded” retaliatory form of aggression.
a. emotional aggression
b. reactive aggression
c. relational aggression
d. proactive aggression

Back 54

b. reactive aggression

Front 55

Research regarding a genetic contribution to conduct disorders
a. suggests little genetic influence on conduct disorder in children.
b. suggests that estimates of genetic influence for conduct-disordered behavior are consistent across different sources of
information and different informants.
c. suggests that childhood-onset antisocial behavior is more likely to be genetically determined than is the adolescent
onset type.
d. rules out environmental in fluences in some types of conduct disorder.

Back 55

c. suggests that childhood-onset antisocial behavior is more likely to be genetically determined than is the adolescent
onset type.

Front 56

The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory is an example of a ______ that can be used to assess youngsters with disruptive behavior problems.
a. general clinical interview
b. structured interview
c. behavioral observation system
d. behavioral rating scale

Back 56

d. behavioral rating scale

Front 57

The Interpersonal Process Code is an example of a ______ that can be used to assess youngsters with disruptive behavior
problems.
a. general clinical interview
b. structured interview
c. behavioral observation system
d. behavioral rating scale

Back 57

c. behavioral observation system

Front 58

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding pharmacological interventions for conduct disorders?
a. There is a paucity of well-controlled research.
b. Research is made difficult due to the use of stimulants to treat co-occurring ADHD symptoms.
c. Mood stabilizers are the medications most likely to be considered to treat extreme conduct-disordered behaviors.
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

Back 58

e. a, b, and c

Front 59

Problem-solving training approaches to the treatment of conduct-disordered behavior focus on
a. the family interactions of these youngsters.
b. the youngsters' interpersonal and social-cognitive deficiencies and distortions.
c. societal problems that contribute to conduct problems.
d. professionals who work with conduct-disordered youth.

Back 59

b. the youngsters' interpersonal and social-cognitive deficiencies and distortions

Front 60

Treatment in functional family therapy
a. is based on the psychoanalytic model.
b. focuses directly on altering communication problems in the family.
c. is successful, but not with families of status offenders.
d. does not affect siblings of targeted juvenile offenders.

Back 60

b. focuses directly on altering communication problems in the family

Front 61

The Achievement Place or Teaching Family Model
a. found that their group home approach is successful while the youth resides in the group home.
b. made the delinquent youth's teachers his/her family during the day while the youth is in an institution in the evenings.
c. focused on keeping the youth in his or her own home and working to maintain the family.
d. derives from a Rogerian perspective.

Back 61

a. found that their group home approach is successful while the youth resides in the group home.

Front 62

Research on MST indicates that when compared to typical juvenile services, MST resulted in
a. decreased arrests.
b. increased incarceration.
c. no change in self-reported delinquency.
d. a and c

Back 62

a. decreased arrests