Chest

Front 1

Lobar, segmental atelectasis?

Back 1

Endobronchial lesion
Extrinsic bronchial compression:
Tumor
Lymphadenopathy
Bronchial torsion

Front 2

Causes of consolidation?

Back 2

Fluid in acini:
Water
Blood
Proteinaceous fluid
Inflammatory exudate in acini:
Infection
Noninfectious
Tumor in acini

Front 3

Transient airspace/migratory

Back 3

Haemorrhage

eosinphylic pneumonia

Churg strauss

COP

recurrent aspiration

Front 4

Causes for pulmonary haemorrhage

Back 4

Hint 4

Front 5

ARDS causes?

Back 5

Massive pneumonia
Trauma
Shock
Sepsis
Pancreatitis
Drug OD
Near-Drowning
Aspiration

Front 6

Chronic

Back 6

Tumors:
Bronchioalveolar carcinoma
Lymphoma
Inflammation:
TB, fungus
Eosinophilic PNA
Pneumonitis, BOOP/COP
Alveolar sarcoid
Alveolar proteinosis
Pulmonary hemorrhage
Lipoid PNA
Chronic aspiration

Front 7

Back 7

Tumor:
Solitary met
Inflammation:
Vascular:
AVF
Pulmonary varix
Infarct, embolism
Congenital:
Sequestration
Bronchial cyst
Round PNA
Loculated effusion in fisure
Mucus plug
Enlarged subpleural LN
Silicosis

Front 8

Back 8

Mets
Abscess
Granulomatous disease:
Infections (TB, Aspergillus, Histo)
Sarcoid
Rheumatoid nodules
Silicosis
Wegener's (c-ANCA)
Necrotizing granulomatous vascular

Front 9

Back 9

TB
Histoplasmosis
Mets (thyroid, melanoma, breast, choriocarcinoma)
Eosinophilic granuloma
Bronchioalveolar ca.
Silicosis
Sarcoid

Front 10

Calcified lung nodules?

Back 10

Larger (> 1 mm):
Mets from medullary thyroid ca
Mucinous or osteogenic mets
Previous varicella PNA
Histoplasmosis
Coccidiodomyocosis
TB
Schistosomiasis
Silicosis
Very small (0.1-1mm, sandlike):
Alveolar microlithiasis
Chronic pulmonary venous HTN
Metastatic calcification from severe renal disease

Front 11

Large (>6cm) thoracic mass?

Back 11

Pulmonary:
Bronchogenic ca
Mets (SCCa from head/neck)
Abscess
Round atelectasis
Intrapulmonary sequestration
Hydatid disease
Extra-pulmonary:
Fibrous tumor of pleura
Loculated pleural effusion
Torsed pulmonary lobe
Askin's tumor
AAA
Mediastinal masses

Front 12

Upper lung zone opacities with calcified adenopathy?

Back 12

Silicosis
Sarcoidosis
Berylliosis
Coal worker's pneumoconiosis
TB

Front 13

Back 13

empyema necessitans

Actinomyces
Nocardia
TB
Blastomyces
Aspergillus

Front 14

Infection with lymphadenopathy?

Back 14

TB
Histoplasmosis
EBV

Front 15

Back 15

Pulmonary cysts?

Pneumatocele
Bulla, bleb
Cystic bronchiectasis
Congenital cysts
Intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts
CCAM
Sequestration
Hydatid cysts

Front 16

Back 16

Abscess:
Pyogenic
Immunocompromised (Nocardia, Legionella)

Cavitated tumor:
SCCa
Sarcoma
Lymphoma
TCC of bladder

Cavitated granulomatous mass:
Aspergillus
Coccidiodomycosis
TB
Sarcoid
Wegener's
Rheumatoid nodules
Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis
Cavitated post-traumatic hematoma

Front 17

Back 17

Asperigillosis
Mucormycosis
Actinomycosis
Septic emboli
Klebsiella
TB
Tumors

Front 18

Small cystic disease?

Back 18

True cyst wall:
Eosinophilic granuloma
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Cystic form of PCP
Honeycombing in end-stage interstitial lung disease
No cyst wall:
Emphysema

Front 19

Back 19

STARCH LP

Silicosis
Sarcoid
TB
Ankylosing spondylitis
ABPA
Radiotion
Cystic fibrosis
Hypersensitivity
HIstiocytosis/Eosinophilic granuloma
PMF
PCP

Front 20

Back 20

"BADRUSH"
Bronchiectasis,BOOP
Aspiration,ASBESTOS
Drugs, Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis
Rheumatoid
UIP
Scleroderma, other collagen vascular diseases
Hamman-Rich(AIP)

Front 21

Interstitial lung disease
Acute evolution?

Back 21

"HELP"
Hypersensitivity
Edema
Lymphoproliferative
Pneumonitis, viral

Front 22

Interstitial lung disease
Chronic evolution?

Back 22

"LIFE"
Lymphangitic spread
Inflammation, infection
Fibrosis
Edema

Front 23

Interstitial lung disease
Increased lung volumes?

Back 23

Cystic fibrosis
Eosiniphilic granuloma
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Front 24

Interstitial lung disease
Decreased lung volumes?

Back 24

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Scleroderma

Front 25

Interstitial lung disease
Pleural plaques?

Back 25

Astestosis

Front 26

Interstitial lung disease
Pleural effusion

Back 26

CHF
Lymphangitic carcinomatosis
Rheumatoid disease

Front 27

Interstitial lung disease
Enlarged lymph nodes?

Back 27

Malignant adenopathy
TB, fungus
Sarcoid

Front 28

Interstitial lung disease
Calcified lymph nodes?

Back 28

Silicosis

Front 29

HRCT Patterns of Interstitial Lung Disease
Ground glass opacity (GGO)?

Back 29

Allergic hypersensitivity
All acute interstitial disease
DIP
Active IPF
Viral
PCP
BOOP/COP
Eosinophilic pneumonia
Pulmonary edema

Front 30

HRCT Patterns of Interstitial Lung Disease
Reticulonodular opacities?

Back 30

Pulmonary edema
Viral, mycoplasmal PNA, PCP
Lymphangitic tumor spread
Pulmonary fibrosis
IPF
Drugs
Radiation
Collagen vascular disease
Hemosiderosis
Asbestosis

Front 31

HRCT Patterns of Interstitial Lung Disease
Cystic spaces?

Back 31

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Cystic PCP
Histiocytosis
Honeycombing
IPF
Any end-stage interstitial disease

Front 32

Back 32

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
ARDS
PCP
Lipoid pneumonia
Hemorrhage
BAC
Pulmonary edema

Front 33

Back 33

Halo sign. Early invasive aspergillosis
Hemorrhage around neoplasm
Postbiopsy pseudonodule

Front 34

Peripheral GGO and consolidation?

Back 34

BOOP
Infarcts
Septic emboli
Collagen vascular disease
Contusion
DIP
Drug toxicity
Eosinophilic pneumonia
Fibrosis
Sarcoidosis

Front 35

Eosinophilic lung disease

classification

Back 35

Hint 35

Responds dramatically to steroid vs Churge strauss(allergic granulomatosis)

Front 36

Tree-in-bud appearance?

Back 36

Infection:
TB
Bronchopneumonia
Fungal
Asian panbronchiolitis
Viral pneumonias
Bronchial disease:
Bronchiolitis
Congenital disorders:
CF
Dyskinetic cilia syndrome
Allergic bronchopulmonary asperigillosis (ABPA)
Lymphangitic carcinomatosis
EG

Front 37

Back 37

Airways:
Emphysema, bullae
Asthma, mucus plug
Swyer-James
Compensatory hyperexpansion of lung after surgery, collapse
Cysts
Hypogenetic lung syndrome
Congenital lobar emphysema
Vascular:
PE
Pulmonary artery stenosis
Chest wall abnormalities:
Mastectomy
Poland's syndrome
Pleural:
Pneumothorax

Front 38

Small lung?

Back 38

Hypogenetic lung syndrome
Agenesis of pulmonary artery
Chronic atelectasis
Swyer-James syndrome

Front 39

Back 39

Tracheobronchomegaly (Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome)
Pulmonary fibrosis
Tracheomalacia

Front 40

Decreased tracheal luminal diameter?

Back 40

Saber-sheath trachea
Tracheopathia osteochondroplastica
Tracheomalacia
Relapsing polychondritis
Amyloidosis
Sarcoidosis
Wegener's
Tuberculous and fungal stenosis

Front 41

Bronchiectasis?

Back 41

Post-infectious:
Any childhood infection
Recurrent aspiration
ABPA: central
Chronic granulomatous infection
Pertussis
Bronchial obstruction:
Neoplasm
Foreign body
Congenital:
CF
Bronchial cartilage deficiency (Williams-Campbell)
Abnormal mucocilliary transport (Kartagener's)

Front 42

Upper lobe bronchiectasis?

Back 42

CF
TB
Radiation
ABPA
Mounier-Kuhn
Agammaglobulinemia
Karatagener's

Front 43

Mucoid (bronchial) impaction?

Back 43

Asthma
CF
ABPA
Congenital bronchial atresia

Front 44

Back 44

pleural based mass

Tumor:
Mesothelioma
Fibrous tumor of pleura
Malignant thymoma, lymphoma
Mets (breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, renal)
Lipoma
Rib tumors
Plexiform neurofibromas
Inflammatory:
TB
Asbestos
Actinomycosis

Front 45

Calcified pleural plaques?

Back 45

"TAFT"
TB
Asbestos-related
Fluid (empyema, hematoma)
Talc

Front 46

Back 46

Phrenic nerve paralysis
Immobility due to pain:
Rib fx
Pleuritis, PNA
PE
Mass lesions
Abdominal masses, subphrenic collection, abscess
Diaphragmatic hernia
Pleural tumors
Subpulmonic effusion

Front 47

Back 47

Pre-vascular space/ Anterior mediastinal masses?

"4 Ts"
Thymoma ( Myasthenia gravis)
Thyroid lesions
T-cell lymphoma
Teratoma

Front 48

Back 48

Superior mediastinal masses?

Descending through thoracic inlet:
Thyroid masses
Adenopathy
Lymphatic cysts, cystic hygroma
Ascending through thoracic inlet:
Small cell ca of lung
Lymphoma
Aneurysm and other vascular abnormalities

Front 49

Back 49

Middle mediastinal masses?

Adenopathy:
Sarcoid
TB
Fungal
Mets, lymphoma, leukemia
Congenital cysts:
Bronchogenic cysts
Pericardial cysts
Aneurysm:
Aorta, aortic branches
Pulmonary artery
Esophagus:
HH
Neoplasm
Diverticula
Megaesophagus
Mediastinal hemorrhage
Mediastinal lipmatosis
Bronchogenic ca
Aberrant RSA with diverticulum
Varices
Neurinoma from recurrent laryngeal nerve
Malignancy of trachea
Pancreatic pseudocyst

Front 50

Adenopathy?

Back 50

Low attn lymph nodes:
TB and fungal
Necrotic mets
Lymphoma
Vascularized lymph nodes:
Castleman's disease
Vascular mets
Calcified lymph nodes:
TB
Histo
Sarcoid
Silicosis
Radiation therapy

Front 51

Back 51

Posterior Mediastinal mass?

Neurogenic:
Schwannoma, neurofibroma
Sympathetic ganglia
Pheochromocytoma
Lateral meningomyelocele
Thoracic spine:
Neoplasm
Hematoma
Extramedullary hematopoiesis
Diskitis
Vascular:
Aneurysm
Azygos continuation

Front 52

Back 52

Fat pad
Diaphragmatic hernia
Morgagni
Bochdalek
Pericardial cyst
Cardiophrenic angle nodes
Aneurysm
Dilated right atrium
Anterior mediastinal mass
Primary lung or pleural mass

Front 53

Back 53

Fatty mediastinal lesions?

Mediastinal lipomatosis
Morgagni's hernia
Bochdalek's hernia
Periesophageal fat herniation
Lipoma
Liposarcoma
Thymolipoma
Germ cell tumors

Front 54

Silicosis

Back 54

Front 55

Densely enhancing mediastinal mass?

Back 55

Vascular:
Aneurysm
Vascular abnormalities
Esophageal varices
Hypervascular tumors
Goiter
Castleman's disease

Front 56

Eggshell calcification in hilar nodes?

Back 56

Silicosis
CWP
Treated lymphoma
Granulomatous disease
Sarcoid

Front 57

Pneumo mediastinum

Back 57

Pulmonary:
Asthma
Barotrauma
Childbirth
Pneumothorax
Mediastinum:
Tracheobronchial laceration
Esophageal perforation
Mediastinal surgery
Boerhaave's
Abdomen:
Intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal bowel perf
Retroperitoneal surgery
Head and neck:
Esophageal rupture
Facial fractures
Dental or retropharyngeal infection, mediastinitis

Front 58

Wegeners

Back 58

- Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of small to medium-sized

- ELK presentation

- Trachea and bronchi concentrically thickened

- Cavitary nodules and haemorrhage

- 70-90% c- ANCA pos

Front 59

Perilymphatic nodules

Back 59

sarcoid
silicosis
lymphangitis
kaposi- more flame shaped

Lymphoma

Front 60

random nodules

Back 60

pleura maybe involved
milliary tb, fungus or mets

Front 61

centrilobular nodues

Back 61

endo bronchial infection
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
vasculitis

Front 62

round atelectasis vs tumour

Back 62

due to pleural thickening (like asbestos)
-air bronchogram
-avid homogenous enhancement (only capillaries no air in tissue)

Front 63

Back 63

α1-antitrypsin deficiency

- Protease inhibitor for elastase enzyme

- Alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) is produced in the liver, and one of its functions is to protect the lungs from neutrophil elastase,

- In its absence, neutrophil elastase is free to break down elastin, which contributes to the elasticity of the lungs, resulting in respiratory complications such as emphysema, or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in adults and cirrhosis in adults or children.

deposition of excessive abnormal A1AT protein in liver cells

Front 64

LPD

Back 64

Front 65

PE in pregnancy

Back 65