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Subatomic particles

Protons, neutrons & electrons

Protons/neutrons/electrons

Proton - nucleus - +1 charge - 1 relative mass


Neutron - nucleus - 0 charge - 1 relative mass


Electron - shells - -1 charge - 1/1840 relative mass

Atomic Number

The number of protons in the atom


Identifies the element

Mass number

Number of protons + number of neutrons

Working out the number of neutrons

Mass number - atomic number

Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element, with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Ions

Ions are charged particles formed when an atom loses/gains electrons

Cation/anion

Cations are positive ions formed when an atom loses electrons


Anions are negative ions, former when an atom gains electrons