Chemistry Terms

Front 1

what is chemistry ?

Back 1

Chemistry Is the study of the composition and structure of matter and the changes it undergoes

Front 2

Isotopes

Back 2

Same Proton no . but diff neutron no .

Front 3

Necleon = ?

Back 3

Atomic mass

Front 4

Atomic Mass = ?

Back 4

Proton + Neutron

Front 5

Cations

Back 5

Kalau Nak Cahwin Mesti Ada Zakar Flexible Suka Perempuan Hot Can Auu Auu .

Front 6

Anion

Back 6

Free Sex No Condom But It's okay

Front 7

Matter

Back 7

Anything that occupies space and has mass .

Front 8

John Dalton

Back 8

1) Indivisible particles Atoms 2) Atoms cannot be created or destroyed 3) atoms are alike 4) simple ratio

Hint 8

ALL WRONG . 1) subatomic particles P. E. N. 2) They are radioactive . Transmutation 3) some are isotopes

Front 9

J. J. Thomson

Back 9

Positive particles as Electrons

Hint 9

raisin pudding

Front 10

Ernest Rutherford

Back 10

Positive charged nucleus with a cloud of electrons surrounding the nucleus

Front 11

Neils Bohr

Back 11

Electron shells surrounding the nucleus

Front 12

James Chadwick

Back 12

The nucleus of the atom contains protons and neutrons and the nucleus is surrounded by electrons

Front 13

Proton number

Back 13

Number of protons in the atom . Atomic number

Front 14

RAM

Back 14

Relative Atomic Mass . The comparison of the mass of an atom to another . ½ of carbon – 12 atom

Front 15

Empirical formula

Back 15

The simplest ratio but does not show the actual number of mole atom each element in it . 1) MASS 2) NUMBER OF MOLES 3) RATIO

Front 16

Molecular formula

Back 16

Mass fixed . Shows exact mole atom of each constituent element

Front 17

Magnesium Ribbon Empirical formula

Back 17

Crucible lid

Hint 17

Ribbon should be clean with sand paper . The lid should be lifted from time to time to allow oxygen in . The lid should be placed back on the lid crucible to prevent magnesium from escaping .

Front 18

Copper Oxide Empirical formula

Back 18

hydrogen gas Make sure all air in the combustion and glass tube are expelled . During the experiment , flow of dry hydrogen must be steady and continuous . Cooling process follows the same , to prevent hot copper reacting with oxygen in the air .

Front 19

Antoine Lavoisier

Back 19

groups . Did not work , had silica light heat

Front 20

Johann W. Dobereiner

Back 20

Gorup of triads . Failed because it only had a few elements

Front 21

John Newlands

Back 21

law of octaves . failed . incompleteness – undiscovered elements

Front 22

Lothar Meyer

Back 22

Atomic weights

Front 23

Dmitri Mendeleev

Back 23

Atomic mass

Front 24

Henry G. J. Moseley

Back 24

According to the increase in proton numbers

Front 25

Ionic bonds

Back 25

Transfers of electrons

Front 26

Covalent bonds

Back 26

Sharing of electrons

Front 27

Helium

Back 27

Airship . weatherballoon . divers – 80% of helium and 20% of oxygen

Front 28

Argon

Back 28

Filament

Front 29

Neon

Back 29

Advertising light . Television Tubes

Front 30

Krypton

Back 30

Laser surgery

Front 31

Xenon

Back 31

lighthouse lamps

Front 32

Radon

Back 32

cancer treatment

Front 33

Electrolytes

Back 33

compound solid which conducts electricity in molten and have free moving ions when they are dissolved in water .

Front 34

Electrolysis

Back 34

Is the breakdown of a substance by electricity .

Front 35

Electrodes

Back 35

any terminal by which an electric current goes in or come out of a conducting substance .

Front 36

Electrolytic cell

Back 36

Electric => Chemical . Anode : Ions loses electron to form atoms Cathode : Ions accept electrons to form atoms ( Only for rule 1 and 2 )

Front 37

Three rules

Back 37

The position of ECS . Concerntration . Type of Electrode . 1) Lowest in ECS . 2) Highest for anode in ECS except the first three . 3) anode uses the electrode .

Front 38

Voltaic cell

Back 38

Chemical => Electricity Anode : Atoms loses electron to form Atoms. Cathode : Ions accept electrons to form Atoms . Only for rule 3 and voltaic cell

Hint 38

Rule 3 - Cathode (-) Anode (+)

Voltaic cell - positive terminal ( less Electropositive metal ) , (-) more Electropositive metal

Front 39

Simple/ Daniell

Back 39

Very easily constructed . Voltage decreases over time . Not easily used because of its liquid electrode

Front 40

dry Cell

Back 40

Electrolyte paste . Easy Carry . Constant voltage various size . Xrecharged , Xlong lasting . Leakage . Low voltage

Front 41

Lead-Acid Accumulator

Back 41

Long lasting . High volatge , high output current . rechargeable . Xeasy carry . HIgh cost . Leakage when not used . Lead plate easily corrode

Front 42

Alkaline cell

Back 42

no liquid electrolyte . Last longer than dry cell . Constant current . High cost . Xrecharged . Leakage .

Front 43

Mercury cell

Back 43

Very mobile . Easily used . Small size . Long lasting . Constant voltage . High cost . Xrecharged . Xenvironment friendly

Front 44

Nickel-cadmium cell

Back 44

Rechargeable . Very mobile . No liquid electrolyte . Smaller size than acc . Needs a transformer to recharge . High cost .

Front 45

Acid

Back 45

Produces Hydrogen ions when dissolved in water Arhenius definition of an acid

Front 46

Confirmatory test for Fe2+

Back 46

potassium hexacynoferrate (II) K4Fe(CN)6

Hint 46

Pale Blue p . Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(III) K3Fe(CN)6

Front 47

Confirmatory test for Fe3+

Back 47

potassium hexacynoferrate (II) K4Fe(CN)6

Hint 47

Deep blue p. Potassium Hexacynoferrate (III) K3Fe(CN)6 Brownish-green solution . Potassium thiocyanate KSCN

Front 48

Test for Led (II) Ions Potassium Iodide

Back 48

Yellow p . soluble in boiling H2O

Front 49

Sodium chloride

Back 49

White p . soluble in hot H2O

Front 50

Sulphuric acid

Back 50

White p . Insoluble in excess H2SO4

Front 51

Reaction with carbonates

Back 51

Cu => Blue p soluble in excess to form deep blue solution Mg=> White p Al=> White p Fe2+=> Pale green p Fe3+=> reddish brown p Pb => White p Zn => White p

Front 52

Reaction with Potassium Iodide

Back 52

Cu => White p in brown solution Mg=> NR Al=> NR Fe2+ => NR Fe3+=> Reddish brown solution Pb => yellow p soluble on boiling Zn=> NR

Front 53

Chloride Ions

Back 53

nitric acid + silver nitrate => aqueous chloride solution , white precipitate formed

Front 54

Nitrate ion

Back 54

Dilute H2SO4 + freshly prepared FE(2)Sulphate + Conc . H2SO4 - stir - tilt , brown ring formed

Front 55

Carbonate Ions

Back 55

Dilute nitric acid => solid carbonate salt , limewater turns chalky

Front 56

Sulphate ion

Back 56

Dilute HCL + aqueous barium chloride / Ba(NO3)2 => aqueous sulphate solution , white precipitate formed