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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON FOSSIL FUELS? |
COAL, CRUDE OIL, NATURAL GAS. |
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HOW FOSSIL FUELS WERE FORMED? |
THEY WERE ALL FORMED IN SIMILAR WAYS OVER MILLIONS OF YEARS. A FUEL, MAINLY HYDROCARBON, IS FORMED BY THE DECOMPOSITION OF DEAD BURIED REMAINS OF ORGANIC MATTER OVER MILLIONS OF YEARS IN ABSENCE OF AIR, UNDER HEAT AND PRESSURE. THEY RELEASE A HUGE AMOUNT OF ENERGY ON BURNING. |
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HOW WAS COAL FORMED? |
COAL WAS FORMED FROM THE REMAINS OF TREES AND OTHER PLANTS THAT DIED IN SWAMPS OVER MILLIONS OF YEARS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF HEAT, PRESSURE AND IN THE ABSENCE OF AIR. IT IS DEEP UNDERGROUND AND WE HAVE TO OBTAIN IT BY MINING. |
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HOW WAS OIL AND NATURAL GAS FORMED? |
CRUDE OIL AND NATURAL GAS WERE FORMED FROM SEA CREATURES THAT DIED AND FELL INTO THE SAND ON THE SEA BED, OVER MILLIONS OF YEARS, UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF HEAT, PRESSURE AND IN THE ABSENCE OF AIR. THEY ARE DEEP UNDERGROUND AND WE HAVE TO OBTAIN THEM BY DRILLING. |
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WHAT IS THE ORIGINAL SOURCE OF ALL THE ENERGY IN FOSSIL FUELS? |
THE PLANTS AND SEA CREATURES THAT FORMED THE FOSSIL FUELS, ALL OBTAINED THEIR ENERGY FROM THE SUN BY PHOTOSYNTHESIS. THAT MEANS THE ORIGINAL SOURCE OF ALL THE ENERGY IN FOSSIL FUELS IN THE SUN. |
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WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE FOSSIL FUELS? |
CRUDE OIL AND GAS ARE MAINLY MIXTURES OF HYDROCARBONS (COMPOUNDS MADE UP OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON ONLY). COAL CONSISTS MAINLY OF CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN, BUT ALSO CONTAINS SMALL AMOUNTS OF SULPHUR. NATURAL GAS CONSISTS OF METHANE. |
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WHAT IS THE REASON THAT WE BURN FOSSIL FUELS? |
THE MAIN REASON THAT WE BURN FOSSIL FUELS IS TO RELEASE ENERGY. THEY RELEASE A GREAT DEAL OF ENERGY WHEN THEY BURN. |
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WHAT IS A COMPLETE COMBUSTION OF FUELS? |
WHEN A SUBSTANCE BURNS IN EXCESS AMOUNT OF OXYGEN, IT IS CALLED COMPLETE COMBUSTION. |
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WHAT IS AN INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION OF FUELS? |
SOMETIMES THERE IS NOT ENOUGH OXYGEN FOR A SUBSTANCE TO BURN COMPLETELY. IT IS KNOWN AS INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION. FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN A HYDROCARBON UNDERGOES AN INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION, A CARBON MONOXIDE AND / OR CARBON (SOOT) IS FORMED INSTEAD OF CARBON DIOXIDE. |
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WHAT IS FORMED FROM THE COMPLETE COMBUSTION OF HYDROCARBON? |
THE ANHYDROUS COPPER SULPHATE TURNS FROM WHITE TO BLUE WHEN PLACED IN A TUBE IN ICE BATH AND HEATED UP, PROVING THAT WATER IS PRODUCED. THE PRODUCED GAS IS PASSED THROUGH LIMEWATER, WHICH TURNS CLOUDY, PROVING THAT CARBON DIOXIDE IS PRODUCED |
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WHAT IS THE WORD EQUATION FOR THE COMPLETE COMBUSTION OF ANY HYDROCARBON? |
HYDROCARBON + OXYGEN ------------------- WATER (HYDROGEN OXIDE) + CARBON DIOXIDE |
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WHAT IS THE WORD EQUATION FOR AN INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION OF ANY HYDROCARBON? |
HYDROCARBON + OXYGEN ------------------ WATER + CARBON MONOXIDE HYDROCARBON + OXYGEN ------------------ WATER + CARBON |
