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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge.
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Monatomic ion
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Atom or group having a negative charge.
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Anion
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Atom or group having a negative charge.
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Cation
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Tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a net charge.
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Polyatomic ion
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Compound composed of 2 different elements.
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Binary compound
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A chemical equation that does not indicate relative amount of reactants & products,
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Skeleton equation
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A new substance formed in a chemical reaction.
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Product
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A starting substance formed in a chemical equation.
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Reactant
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A concise representation of a chemical reaction.
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Chemical equation
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An equation in which each side has the same number of atoms of each element
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Balanced equation
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a reaction in which a single compound is broken down into simpler substances
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Decomposition reaction
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a reaction in which oxygen reacts with another substance, often producing heat or light
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combustion reaction
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a reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound
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Single replacement reaction
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How many valence electrons are in an atom of phosphorus?
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5
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How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium?
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2
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How many valence electrons does a helium atom have?
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2
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How many valence electrons are in a silicon atom?
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4
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What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?
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Valence electrons
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How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
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It gives up electrons
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What is the charge on the strontium ion?
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2+
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a reaction in which a single compound is broken down into simpler substances
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Decomposition reaction
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a reaction in which oxygen reacts with another substance, often producing heat or light
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combustion reaction
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a reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound
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Single replacement reaction
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How many valence electrons are in an atom of phosphorus?
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5
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How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium?
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2
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How many valence electrons does a helium atom have?
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2
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How many valence electrons are in a silicon atom?
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4
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What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?
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Valence electrons
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How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
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It gives up electrons
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What is the charge on the strontium ion?
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2+
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The octet rule states that, in chemical compounds, atoms tend to have ____.
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Electron configuration of a noble gas
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What is the charge on the cation in the ionic compound sodium sulfide?
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1+
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Which of the following occurs in an ionic bond?
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Oppositely charged ions attract
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What is the formula unit of sodium nitride?
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Na3N
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What is the formula unit of aluminum oxide?
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Al2O3
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What is the name of the ionic compound formed from lithium and bromine?
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Lithium bromide
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What is the formula for sodium sulfate?
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Na2SO4
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What is the formula for potassium sulfide?
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KS2
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Which of the following compounds has the formula KNO ?
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Potassium nitrate
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Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound?
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Magnesium and flourine
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An ionic bond is a bond between ____.
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Cation and anion
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When Group 2A elements form ions, they ____.
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Lose 2 electrons
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What is the correct name for the N-5 ion?
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Nitride ions
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An ionic bond is a bond between ____.
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Cation and anion
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When Group 2A elements form ions, they ____.
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Lose 2 electrons
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What is the correct name for the N-5 ion?
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Nitride ions
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When naming a transition metal ion that can have more than one common ionic charge, the numerical value of the charge is indicated by a
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Roman numeral following the name
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Aluminum is a group 3A metal. Which ion does A1 typically form?
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Al-5
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The nonmetals in Groups 6A and 7A ____.
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have a numerical charge that is found by subtracting 8 from the group number
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What determines that an element is a metal?
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its position in the periodic table
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Which of the following is NOT a cation?
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sulfate
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In which of the following are the symbol and name for the ion given correctly?
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OH : hydroxide; O-2 : oxide
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Which of the following correctly provides the names and formulas of polyatomic ions?
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chromate: CrO ; dichromate: Cr O
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An -ate or -ite at the end of a compound name usually indicates that the compound contains ____.
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a polyatomic ion
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Which of the following compounds contains the Mn ion?
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MnO
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How are chemical formulas of binary ionic compounds generally written?
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cation on left, anion on right
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Which of the following is true about the composition of ionic compounds?
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they are composed of anions and cations
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Which of the following formulas represents an ionic compound?
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BaI2
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Which of the following shows correctly an ion pair and the ionic compound the two ions form?
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Fe , O ; Fe O
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Which of the following correctly represents an ion pair and the ionic compound the ions form?
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Ca , F ; CaF
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Which of the following compounds contains the lead(II) ion?
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PbO
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What is the correct formula for potassium sulfite?
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K2SO3
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Which set of chemical name and chemical formula for the same compound is correct?
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lithium carbonate LiCO3
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Sulfur hexafluoride is an example of a ____.
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binary compound
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Molecular compounds are usually ____.
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composed of two or more nonmetallic elements
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What is the ending for the names of all binary compounds, both ionic and molecular?
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-ide
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Binary molecular compounds are made of two ____.
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polyatomic ions
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Which of the following correctly shows a prefix used in naming binary molecular compounds with its corresponding number?
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nona -9
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Which of the following is a binary molecular compound?
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PCl5
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When naming acids, the prefix hydro- is used when the name of the acid anion ends in ____.
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-ide
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Which of the following shows both the correct formula and correct name of an acid?
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H3PO4 phosphoric acid
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What is the name of H SO ?
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sulforous acid
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When the name of an anion that is part of an acid ends in -ite, the acid name includes the suffix ____.
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-ous
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What is the formula for sulfurous acid?
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H2SO3
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What is the formula for phosphoric acid?
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H3PO4
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What is the formula for hydrosulfuric acid?
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H2S
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How are bases named?
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like ionic compounds
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How are bases named?
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SF6
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What is the correct formula for barium chlorate?
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Ba(ClO3)2
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Which of the following is the correct name for N O ?
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Nitrogen dioxide
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What SI unit is used to measure the number of representative particles in a substance?
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mole
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Which of the following elements exists as a diatomic molecule?
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nitrogen
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Avogadro's number of representative particles is equal to one ____.
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mole
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The mass of a mole of NaCl is the ____.
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molar mass
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The molar mass of C H and the molar mass of CaCO contain approximately the same number of ____.
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grams
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The volume of one mole of a substance is 22.4 L at STP for all ____.
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gases
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The molar volume of a gas at STP occupies ____.
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22.4 L
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Chemical reactions ____.
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produce new substances
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What does the symbol in a chemical equation mean?
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head is supplied to the reaction
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Symbols used in equations, together with the explanations of the symbols, are shown below. Which set is correct?
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(aq) dissolved in water
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This symbol (>< ) indicates that ____.
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the reaction is reversible
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A catalyst is ____.
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is not used up in a reaction
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Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy ____.
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the laws of conservation of mass
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In every balanced chemical equation, each side of the equation has the same number of ____.
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atoms of each element
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In a combustion reaction, one of the reactants is ____.
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oxygen
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In a double-replacement reaction, the ____.
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the reactants are two ionic compunds
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The calculation of quantities in chemical equations is called ____.
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stoicheometry
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The first step in most stoichiometry problems is to ____.
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convert living quantities to moles
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The calculation of quantities in chemical equations is called ____.
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stoicheometry
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The first step in most stoichiometry problems is to ____.
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convert living quantities to moles
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