Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Submicroscopic particles that constitute the fundamental building blocks of ordinary matter?
|
Atoms
|
|
Two or more atoms joined in a specific geometrical arrangement?
|
Molecules
|
|
The science that seek to understand the behavior of matter by studying the behavior of atoms and molecules?
|
Chemistry
|
|
Scientific knowledge is empirical based on?
|
Observation and Experiment
|
|
Noting or describing how a process happens?
|
Qualitative
|
|
Measuring or quantifying something about the process?
|
Quantitative
|
|
A tentative interpretation or explanation of the observations?
|
Hypothesis
|
|
Highly controlled procedures designed to generate such observations?
|
Experiments
|
|
A brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones?
|
Scientific Law
|
|
States in a chemical reaction, matter in neither created nor destroyed?
|
Law of Conservation of Mass
|
|
A model for the way nature is and tries to explain not merely what nature does but why?
|
Theory
|
|
Proposed the atomic theory?
|
John Dalton
|
|
Proposed that matter was composed of small indestructible particles called atoms?
|
Atomic Theory
|
|
Scientific laws, hypothesis, and theories are all subject to continued experimentation?
|
Scientific Method
|
|
Anything that occupies space?
|
Matter
|
|
Matter can be classified into what states?
|
Solid, Liquid, Or Gas
|
|
Has a fixed volume and rigid shape?
|
Solid
|
|
Solid matter maybe?
|
Crystalline or Amorphous
|
|
Case in which the atoms or molecules are arranged in patterns with long range, repeating order?
|
Crystalline
|
|
Case in which atoms or molecules don't have any long range order?
|
Amorphous
|
|
When atoms are free to move relative to each other, giving it a fixed volume but not a fixed shape?
|
Liquid
|
|
Atoms or molecules have a lot of space between them, and are free to move relative to one another, which makes the compressible?
|
Gases
|
|
Matter can be classified by?
|
Either Composition or By State
|
|
A substance composed of only a single type of atom or molecule?
|
Pure Substance
|
|
A substance composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules that can be combined in variable proportions?
|
Mixture
|
|
A pure substance can be divided into?
|
Elements and Compounds
|
|
A substance that can't be chemically broken down into simpler substances?
|
Element
|
|
A substance composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions?
|
Compound
|
|
A mixture can be divided into two types?
|
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous
|
|
A mixture in which the composition varies from one region to another?
|
Heterogenous Mixture
|
|
Mixture with the same composition throughout, they have uniform composition because the atoms or molecules that compose them mix uniformly?
|
Homogeneous Mixture
|
|
Heterogenous mixtures form distinct regions because the atoms or molecules that compose them?
|
Separate
|
|
Carefully pouring off?
|
Decanting
|
|
A process in which the mixture is heated to boil off the more volatile liquid?
|
Distillation
|
|
Easily Vaporizable?
|
Volatile
|
|
A process in which the mixture is poured through filter paper usually held in a funnel?
|
Filtration
|
|
Changes that alter only state or appearance, atoms or molecules that compose a substance do not change their identity during it?
|
Physical Change
|
|
Changes that alter the composition of matter, during this change atoms rearrange, transforming the original substances into different substances?
|
Chemical Change
|
|
A property that a substance displays without changing its composition?
|
Physical Property
|
|
A property that a substance displays only by changing its composition via a chemical change?
|
Chemical Property
|
|
The smell of gasoline is what type or property? While its flamibility is a?
|
Physical Property, Chemical Property
|
|
Include odor, taste, color, appearance, melting point, boiling point, and density?
|
Physical Property
|
|
Include corrosiveness, flammability, acidity, toxicity, and other such characteristics?
|
Chemical Property
|
|
The capacity to do work?
|
Energy
|
|
The action of a force through a distance?
|
Work
|
|
The total energy of an object?
|
Kinetic Energy
|
|
The energy associated with its position or composition?
|
Potential Energy
|
|
Kinetic Energy turns into?
|
Thermal Energy
|
|
Energy is neither created nor destroyed?
|
Law of Conservation of Energy, 1st Principle
|
|
The tendency of systems with high potential energy to change in a way that lower their potential energy?
|
2nd Principle
|
|
High Potential Energy =?
|
Unstable
|
|
Low Potential Energy =?
|
Stable
|
|
Chemical potential energy arises from electrostatic forces between the electrically charged particles (protons and electrons) that compose?
|
Atoms and Molecules
|
|
Contain specific, sometimes complex, arrangements of particles?
|
Molecules
|
|
Standard quantities used to specify measurements?
|
Units
|
|
Consists of units such as inches, yards, and pounds?
|
English System
|
|
Consists of units such as centimeters, meters, and kilograms
|
Metric System
|
|
The unit system used by scientist is based on the metric system?
|
International System of Units (SI)
|
|
What are the four basic SI units?
|
Meter, Kilogram, Second, and Kelvin
|
|
Standard unit of length?
|
Meter
|
|
Standard unit of mass?
|
Kilogram
|
|
Standard unit of time?
|
Second
|
|
Standard unit of temperature?
|
Kelvin
|
|
A measure of the quantity of matter within it?
|
Mass
|
|
A measure of the gravitational pull on the matter within it?
|
Weight
|
|
A gram is how much of a kilogram?
|
One one thousandth
|
|
A measure of the amount of average kinetic energy- energy due to motion- of the atoms or molecules that compose matter?
|
Temperature
|
|
Measure of molecular motion?
|
Temperature
|
|
The temperature at which molecular motion virtually stops?
|
Absolute Zero
|
|
Combination of other units?
|
Derived Units
|
|
The Si unit of speed is?
|
m/s
|
|
The Si unit of volume
|
Meters Cubed
|
|
The Si unit of density
|
Kilograms/ Meters Cubed
|
|
1ml=?
|
1cm Cubed
|
|
The ratio of mass to volume?
|
Density
|
|
What is the formula for density?
|
Mass over Volume
|
|
Density also depends on?
|
Temperature
|
|
Density is what type of property?
|
Intensive
|
|
A property that is independent of the amount of the substance?
|
Intensive Property
|
|
Mass is what type of property?
|
Extensive Property
|
|
A property that depends on the amount of the substance?
|
Extensive Property
|
|
Refers to how close the measured value is to the actual value?
|
Accuracy
|
|
Refers to how close a series of measurements are to one another how reproducible they are?
|
Precision
|
|
Error that equal probability of being to high or too low?
|
Random Error
|
|
Error that tends toward being either too high or too low?
|
Systematic Error
|
|
Using units as a guideline to solving problems?
|
Dimensional Analysis
|
|
A fractional quantity with the units we are converting from on the bottom and the units we are converting to on the top?
|
Conversion Factor
|