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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter
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Anything that has mass and occupies space
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Chemistry
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Study of the composition and the changes that undergoes change
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Organic chemistry
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Study of all chemicals containing carbon
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Inorganic chemistry
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Study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon
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Biochemistry
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Study of processes that take place in organisms
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Analytical chemistry
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Area of study that focuses pn the composition of matter
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Physical chemistry
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Area that deals with the mechanism, the ratem and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change
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Pure chemistry
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Pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake
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Applied chemistry
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Research that is directed toward a practical goal or application
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Technology
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Means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired
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Macroscopic
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Worlsd of objects that are large enough to see the unaided eye
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Microscopic
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World of objects that can be seen only under magnification
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Biotechnology
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Applies science to the production of biological products or processes
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Pollutant
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A material found in air, water, or soil that is harmful to humans or other organisms
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Scientific method
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A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem
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Observation
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Senses to obtain information
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Hypothesis
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A proposed explaination for an observation
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Experiment
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A procedure that is used to test a hypothesis
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Manipulated variable
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Independent variable
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Responding variable
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Dependent variable
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Theory
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Well-tested explaination for a broad set of observations
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Scientific law
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A concise statement that summerizes the results of many observations and experiments
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Why is the scope of chemsitry so vast?
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Because living and nonliving things are made of matter, chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events
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What are five traditional areas of study in chemistry?
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Five traditional areas of study are organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemsitry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry
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How are pure and applied chemistry related?
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Pure research can lead directly to an application, but an application can exist before research is done to explain how it works
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What are three general reasons to study chemistry?
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Chemistry can be useful in explaining the natural world, preparing people for career opportunites, and producing informed citizens
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What impact do chemists have on materials, energy, medicine, agriculture, the environment, and the study of the universe?
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Chemists design materials to fit specific needs. Chemists play an essential role in finding ways to conserve energy, produce energy, and store energy. Chemistry supplies the medicines, materials, and technology that doctors use to treat their patients. Chemists help to develop more productive crops and safer, more effective ways to protect crops. Chemists help to identify pollutants and prevent pollution. To study the universe, chemists gather data from afar and analyze matter that is brought back to Earth.
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How did alchemy lay the groundwork for chemistry?
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Alchemists developed the tools and techniques for working with chemicals
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How did Lavoisier help to transform chemistry?
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Lavoisier helped to transform chemistry from a science of observation to the science of measurement that it is today
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What are the steps in the scientific method?
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Steps in the scientific method include making observations, testing hypothses, and developing theories
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What role do collaboration and communication play in science?
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Whem scientists collaborate and communicate, they increase the likelihood of a successful outcome
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What is the general apporach to solving a problem?
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Effective problem solving always involves developing a plan and then implementing that plan
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What are the three steps for solving numeric problems?
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The steps for solving a numeric word problem are analyze, calculate, and evaluate
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What are the two steps for solving conceptual problems?
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The steps for solving a conceptual problem are analyze and solve
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