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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What gases make up the atmosphere and their percentages?
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Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21% Argon - 1% Carbon dioxide - 0.04% Water vapour - variable between 0-4% |
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human activity adds pollutants to the air. Name the 5 main pollutants?
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide Particles of carbon (particulates) Sulfur dioxide nitrogen oxides |
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What sources do these pollutants mostly come from?
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burining fossil fuels- in power stations and vehicles
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Which of these is direct harm to humans and wich is in direct..
1. damge to the environment by acid rain 2. diseases or death caused by exhaust fumes |
1. indirect
2, direct |
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Most fuels, such as petrol diesel and fuel oil, are hydrocarbons. What are the atoms make up the hrdrocarbon compound?
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Hydrogen and carbon atoms
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whats the word equation for buring methane
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methane + oxygen = carbon dioxide +water
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do reactants and products have the same properties?
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no - products have their own properties often very different to the properties of the reactants
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Carbon dioxide is formed when a carbon based fuel burns with lots of oxygen available. WHat is the product of burning a carbon based fuel when little oxygen is available
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Carbon monoxide
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Carbon dioxide will stay in the atmosphere until removed. how can carbon dioxide be removed from the atmosphere?
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Plants use it during photosynthesis and it dissolves in rainwater and in ses lakes and rivers.
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what happens when carbon dioxide levels increase?
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the greenhouse effect causing climate change
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carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas what can it do?
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It reacts with the blood and stops it transporting oxygen. It can kill!!!
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What are particulates?
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tiny carbon particles suspende in the air.
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what damage can particulates do?
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causes soot and dirty buildings. Can also cause breathing problems and lung infections.
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how is sulfur dioxide formed?
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sulfur it comes from the impurities in fuels and burns as the fuel does combining with oxygen atoms in the air to produce sulfur dioxide.
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what soes sfur dioxide cause?
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acid rain
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how is acid rain formed?
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sufur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with the moisture in the air to form a dilute sulfuric/nitric acid this falls as acid rain.
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what are the consequences of acid rain?
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acid rain can cause lakes to become acidic harming wildlife. It also kills treesand damages buildings and statues
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how is nitrogen monoxide formed?
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high temeperatures from burning fossil fuels cause nitrogen AND OXYGEN ATOMS in the air to react together to form nitrogen monoxide
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how is nitrogen dioxide formed?
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when the nitrogen monoxide is released into the atmosphere it is further oxidised to form nitrogen dioxide.
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how can we reduce pollution from power stations?
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- sulfur can be taken out of gas and oil.
- when coal is burned most sulfur dioxide and particulates can be removed before released into the atmosphere. - using alternative energy sources |
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how can we reduce pollution from cars?
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- more efficient engines
-low-sulfur fuelcan be used - catalatic converters convertharmful gases into less harmful gases - use public transport |
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what is happening to the population to increase the amount of fossil fuels being burnt?
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population is increasing
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