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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who had the idea for the periodical table? |
Mendeleev, a Russian chemist. |
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What was Dalton like? |
Intelligent and modest man; passionate about weather; born in 1766; kept 57 years of meteorological data in a diary, 200K entries; bachelor, no social life, a reader and a thinker. |
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What did Dalton propose about atoms? |
That they each have their own unique atomic weight. |
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What instrument is used to see atoms? |
Scanning Tunneling Microscope |
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Copper facts: |
Lustrous metal; essential for life; retrieved from stone or ore; found in octopus, snails and spiders who are all blue blooded because of copper. |
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What did the Swedish chemist Berzelius do? |
He was obsessed with imposing order on the elements. |
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What did Berzelius make and why? |
In order to study the elements, he created his own laboratory equipment (made his own glassware) because he didn't have it, but he needed it. He was dedicated. |
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What elements did Berzelius discover? |
Thorium, Selenium, Silicon and Cerium |
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Silicon facts: |
Semi-metallic; found in meteorites and the earth's crust primarily; the second most abundant element on the earth; non-stick and water resistant; silicon chip. |
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What did Dobereiner learn about elements? |
That elements have chemical properties and reactions; he found that there were groups of 3 elements in a row on the periodic table called triads. |
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What is the example of a Triad given in the video? |
Lithium, sodium & potassium, which are all alkaline metals. All have the following properties: steam when mixed with water, an exothermic reaction, let off hydrogen, flames and sparks. Least reactive is Lithium, second is sodium and potassium lets off lilac sparks. |
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Who was finally able to produce a precise atomic weight? |
Canizzaro |
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What did Newlands observe about the elements? |
When arranged in order of atomic weight, every 8th element had similar properties. He called this the Law of Octaves, which is now known as the Law of Periodicity. |
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Law of Octaves/Periodicity smell test, which two elements, what reaction? |
Chlorine - strong bleach smell. 8 elements later, Bromine - strong bleach smell. |
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How did Mendeleev find patterns in his periodic table? |
He played "chemical solitaire". Organized the then known (63) elements based on their atomic weights and properties. Made cards, organized and reorganized them to create the current periodic table. |
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Why did Mendeleev's periodic table have gaps? |
Because there were only 63 known elements at that time, he left spaces where he knew there would be an element even though it had not yet been discovered. |
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Most of the elements on the periodic table are what? |
Metals |
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What did Kirchoff & Bunsen do with the elements? |
They used spectroscopes to examine each elements unique color spectrum. |
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What elements did Kirchoff & Bunsen find with their method? |
Cesium and Rubidium. |
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Gallium facts: |
Silvery white, soft metal. Low melting point, 30* C, high boiling point, 2204* C; semi-conductor used for light emitting diodes; also used for drug resistant malaria. |
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The search for extraterrestrial elements led to the discovery of what and how? |
Helium and it was found by using a spectroscope during an eclipse. |
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How did Ramsey produce Helium? |
He dissolved Cleveite to produce Helium. |
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Helium facts: |
The 2nd most abundant element in the universe; named for the Greek sun god; As a liquid is used to cool super conducting magnets; nitrogen absorption and to cool rocket engines. |
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What other element did Ramsey discover? |
Argon |
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Before the time of Ramsey, what section of elements on the period table were still missing? |
The noble gases: Helium, Argon, Xenon, Neon etc. |
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What are three parts of the scientific method according to the video? |
Data + prediction + experimentation. |
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What did Rutherford discover about atomic structure? |
He "found" the nucleus. |
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What was Bohr's theory? |
Electrons in the outermost shell five an atom its properties. |
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What is the heaviest known natural element? |
#92 - Uranium |
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What did Moseley do to examine atoms? |
He used an X-ray spectrometer to knock off copper atoms and was able to measure the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, its atomic number. |
