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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is shown by the structural formula of a molecule or polyatomic ion?
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the arrangement of bonded atoms
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how do atoms achieve noble gas electron configurations in single covalent bonds?
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two atoms share two electrons
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why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds?
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they can both gain a full outer valence shell (noble gas electron configuration)
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which noble gas has the same electron configuration as the oxygen in a water molecule?
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neon
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how many electrons can occupy a single molecular orbital?
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2 electrons
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where are the electrons most probably located in a molecular bonding orbital?
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between the two atomic nuclei
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according to VSEPR theory, molecules adjust their shapes to keep what as far apart as possible?
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pairs of valence electrons
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the shape of the methane molecule is?
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tetrahedral
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what causes water molecules to have a bent shape, according to VSEPR theory?
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repulsive forces between unshared pairs of electrons
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what is the shape of a molecule with a triple bond?
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linear
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be able to recognize the most negative atom in a polar molecule.
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the most electronegative one (recognize the most electronegative element)
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be able to determine if a molecule is polar or nonpolar.
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polar- not evenly spaced and a shift in electronegativity; nonpolar- evenly spaced around the element (Si and Oxygen are polar)
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be able to find the most polar molecule in a group of covalent compounds
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compound w/ fluorine in it then it is the most polar; look for biggest electronegativity difference
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be able to find valence electrons
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carbon- 4; phosphorus- 5; bromine- 7; iodine- 7; magnesium- 2
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how many bonds can a carbon atom form?
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four single bonds
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be able to find unshared electron in a molecule
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drawing louis structure and finding unshared pairs in an atom; lone pair
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how many electrons are shared in a double covalent bond?
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4
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be able to find covalent bonds in a molecule
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lewis structure and find how many bonds there are
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what is the bond angle for the bent shape?
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104.5 ; 105
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give examples of those that exceed the octet rule
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sulfur and phosphorus
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