Chemistry

Front 1

Formula for PERCENTAGE ERROR!

Back 1

% error =| Accepted Value- Experimental Value|
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Accepted Value x 100
absolute value no negative numbers

Front 2

Scientific Notation

Back 2

EX 1:Convert 1,500,000 to scientific notation
We move the decimal point so that there is only one digit to it's left, a total of 6 places
1,500,000 = 1.5 X 10 (6) exponent
EX 2: Convert 0.000025 to scientific notation.
We move the decimal point 5 places to the right
0.000025 = 2.5 X 10 (-5)
NOTE WHEN A NUMBER STARTS OUT LESS THAN 1 THE EXPONENT IS ALWAYS NEGATIVE

Front 3

SIG FIGS

Back 3

1) ALL DIGITS 1-9 INCLUSIVE ARE SIGNIFICANT
EXAMPLE:129 HAS 3 SIG FIGS

2) ZEROS BETWEEN SIG DIGITS ARE ALWAYS SIGNIFICANT '
EXAMPLE: 5,007 HAS 4 SIG FIGS

3) TRAILING ZEROS IN A NUMBER ARE SIGNIFICANT ONLY IF THE NUMBER CONTAINS A DECIMAL POINT.
EXAMPLE: 100.0 HAS 4 SIG FIGS
100 HAS 1 SIG FIG

4) ZEROS IN THE BEGINNNING OF A NUMBER WHOSE ONLY FUNCTION IS TO PLACE THE DECIMAL POINT ARE NOT SIGNIFICANT
EX: 0.0025 HAS 2 SIG FIG

5) ZEROS FOLLOWING A DECIMAL SIGNIFICANT FIGURE ARE SIGNIFICANT
EX:0.000470 HAS 3 SIG FIGS
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0.47000 HAS 5 SIG FIGS
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Front 4

SIG FIGS

Back 4

MULTIPLYING OR DIVING, LIMIT AND ROUND TO THE LEAST OF SIG FIGS IN ANY OF THE FACTORS

Front 5

CALCULATIONS USING SIG FIGS
MULTIPLYING AND DIVIDING

Back 5

LIMIT AND ROUND YOUR ANSWER TO THE LEAST NUMBER OF DECIMAL PLACES IN ANY OF THE NUMBERS THAT MAKE UP YOUR ANSWER

Front 6

CALCULATIONS USING SIG FIGS
ADDING OR SUBTRACTING

Back 6

23.0 cm X 432 cm X 19 CM=188,784CM(3) POWER
ANSWER IS EXPRESSED AS 190,000 CM(3) POWER
SINCE 19 CM HAS ONLY 2 SIG FIGS

Front 7

EXAMPLES OF MULTIPLYING AND DIVIDING

Back 7

123. 25 mL + 46.0 mL + 86.257 mL = 255.507 mL
ANSWER IS EXPRESSED AS 255.5 mL since 46.0 mL has only 1 decimal place