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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is pressure?
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Force/area
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What is force?
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mass x acceleration
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What is area?
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pie x r squared
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What is the definition of pressure?
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the force of collision of gaseous particles with a surface per unit area
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what is the si unit for force?
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newton=kg m s-2
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what is the si unit for pressure?
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pascal=1 Pa=1 N/m2=kg m/ s^2/m^2
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What is atmospheric pressure?
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defined as the pressure exerted by the earth's atmosphere
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What is standard atmospheric pressure?
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(1 atm)-pressure that supports a column of mercury exactly = to 760 mm
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how many mmHg, torr, and Pascals do one atmosphere =?
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760 mmHg, 760 torr, and 101.325 Pa
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What is a barometer?
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a device used for measuring atmospheric pressure
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What is a manometer?
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a device used to measure the pressure of gases other than the atmosphere
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What is a closed and open manometer?
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closed manometer-used to measure pressures below atmospheric pressure, open-used to meausre
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What is boyle's law?
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P1V1=P2V2
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What is Charles' and Gay-Lussac's laws?
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V1 = V2
-- -- T1 T2 |
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What is the general gas law?
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P1V1 = P2V2
---- ---- T1 T2 |
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What is avogadro's law?
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dependence of volume on # of moles at constant T and P
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What is the law of combining volumes?
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in a chemical reaction at the same T and P, the volume ratio of gases is equal to the mole ratio
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What is the definition of boyle's law?
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pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant T is inversely proportional to the volume of gas
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What is the definition of the Charles's and Gay-Lussac's laws?
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volume of a fixed amount of gas at a constant P is directly proportional to the absolute T or the gas
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What is an hypothetical gas?
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a hypothetical gas, whose pressure-volume temp. behavior is completely accounted for by the ideal gas equation
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What is an ideal gas?
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no forces between atoms, neglect volume of individual atoms in comparison to volume of container, the chemical identity of gas is unimportant in describing its behavior, all gases are created equal
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What does the # of moles = to?
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mass/Molar Mass
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What is the formula for Molar mass?
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dRT/P
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What is partial pressure?
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pressure of individual components in a mixture
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What is Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures?
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the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were present alone
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What is the formula for partial pressure?
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Pi= n1 RT
-- V |
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What is the total pressure formula?
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Pt=the sum of the partial pressures
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What is the definition of a mole fraction?
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a dimensionless number that expresses the ratio of the # of moles of one component to the # of moles of all components present
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What is the formula for mole fraction?
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Xi=ni
-- nT |
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What is the formula for partial pressures?
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Pi=XiPt
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What is the formula for gas collected over water?
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Pt=Pi + Ph20
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Does water vapor increase or decrease with temperature?
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increase with increased temp.
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What is the Kinetic Molecular theory of gases?
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a theory developed by Boltzman and Maxwell to explain the physical properties of gases in terms of their molecular motion.
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What is the formula for kinteic energy?
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energy of motion, KE=1/2 mu^2
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What are the units of J for kinetic energy?
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J=1 kg m^2 s^-2
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What is the average kinetic energy of a molecule formula?
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__ ____
KE= 1/2mu^2 |
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What is the formula for the average kinetic energy per mole?
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____ ___
KEmol = 1/2 Mu^2 |
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How does temperature relate to the average kinetic energy for an ideal gas?
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they are directly proportionate
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what does the average kinetic energy per mole depend on?and what is the formula?
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temperature, __
KEmol=3/2 RT |
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What is the relationship of the mean square speed to the temperature and the molar mass, M?
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__
u^2= 3 RT -- M |
