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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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outline the scientific method |
1. observations 2. experimentation -get results 3. make generalizations: -hypothesis-possible explanation for observation based on data-making a prediction |
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what is a theory |
consistent explanation of known observation |
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what is a law |
statement or equation that summarizes a large number of observations. |
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Element |
collection of identical or single same atom fundamental subst. which cannot be decomposed by a chem. process |
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how many elements? how many naturally occurring? |
118 elements, 90 are natural |
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Elements listed on periodic table using ________
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symbol, and based on atomic number or number of protons |
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atomic number is |
number of protons |
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periods how many? org. how?
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across- they are rows 7 org. according to # of protons or atomic number
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groups also called arranged broken down |
up and down also known as families arranged to reflect similar electronic structure and general chemical properties broken down into main groups (1a-8a) and transition1b-8b (weird order) |
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also below p.t are elements known as |
inner transition metals or earth metals. |
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what is an intensive property? |
properties independent of size or amount ex. boiling pt. melting pt. density |
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extensive property? |
properties that are dependent on size temp, length, volume |
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chemical properties vs. physical properties |
chem prop.>measured by changing chem structure phys.>measured without changing chem structures-i.e rearranging the atoms |
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1. Sc 2.Titanium 3.V 4.Chromium |
1. Scandium 2. Ti 3.Vanadium 4. Cr |
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1. Co 2.Ga 3. Germanium 4. As 5. Se |
1. Cobalt 2. Gallium 3. Ge 4. Arsenic 5. Selenium |
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1.Rb 2.Sr 3. Y 4.Zr 5. Nb |
1. Rubidium 2. Strontium 3.Yttrium 4. Zirconium 5. Niobium
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1. Mo 2. Tc 3. Ru 4.Rh 5. Palladium |
1. Molybdenum 2.Technetium 3. Ruthenium 4. Rhodium 5. Pd
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1. Cadmium 2.In 3. Antimony 4.Tellurium 5. Xenon 6. Tin |
1l Cd 2. Indium 3. Sb 4. Te 5.Xe 6. Sn |
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1. Cs 2. Barium 3.Lu 4.Hf 5. Ta |
1. Cesium 2. Ba 3. Lutenium 4. Hafnium 4. Tantalum |
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1. W 2.Re 3. Os 4.Ir 5.Pt |
1. Tungsten 2.Rhenium 3. Osmium 4. Iridium 5. Platinum |
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1. Tl 2. Bi 3. At 4. Rn |
1. Thallium 2. Bismuth 3. Astantine 4. Radon |
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properties of metals |
slighly malleable mainly solids except mercury reflective, shiny good conductors of heat and electricity |
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properties of non metals |
solids, liquids and gases diatomic when solids brittle poor conductors some colorful |
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properties of semi metals |
moderate to poor conductors all silvery solids brittle |
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Group 1A is, and they are... |
1A is the Alkali metals -soft silvery metals -very reactive w/ water-when react form bases -never in pure elemental state bc too reactive, not found in elemental state in nature.
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Group 2A is, and they are... |
2A, Alkaline Earth Metals soft metals, again very active with water to form bases not as reactive as 1A though become more reactive as go down p. t |
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group 7a, and they are... |
7a (second to last group) are the Halogens very reactive with metals-form salts together -diatomic can be synthesized relatively easily -fairly colorful |
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group 8a, and their properties... and what about the noble metals? |
last group noble gases least reactive, not non reactive but the least want to be alone, exist as gases (@ room temp.) want to be alone some noble metals (Au, Pt, Pd>stay relatively stable) (Cu, and Ag more reactive) |
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SI units: -mass -length -temperature |
-mass: grams Length: meters -temperature: Kelvin |
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Si Units: amt. of substance time electric current luminous intensity |
mole seconds ampere candela |
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1) giga= 2)mega=
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1)10^9 meters 2)10^6 meters |
