Chemical, Biological, And Radiological Warfare

Front 1

What is the first priority of a HM in a chemical attack?

Back 1

To ensure your own survival so that you may then treat casualties

Front 2

What can be used to effectively remove a chemical agent on the skin?

Back 2

The M291 skin decontamination kit

Front 3

What directive contains detailed instructions on the use of skin decontamination kits?

Back 3

NAVMEDP-5041 (Treatment of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries)

Front 4

What are the 2 types of antidote autoinjectors if you become a nerve-agent casualty?

Back 4

Atropine and 2-PAM-C1

Front 5

What is the guiding principle in personnel decontamination?

Back 5

Avoid spreading contamination to clean areas and manage casualties without aggravating other injuries.

Front 6

What are the top priorities for first aid and decontaming casualties?

Back 6

First, control of massive hemmorhage and then first aid for life-threatening shock and wounds

Front 7

How are medical decontamination supplies given to ships?

Back 7

On a personnel-strength basis, as listed in the current Authorized Medical Allowance List (AMAL)

Front 8

What are the minimum number of decontamination stations, or "dirty" areas that each ship must have insofar as the hull design permits?

Back 8

2

Front 9

Where is contaminated chemical clothing and gear placed?

Back 9

In designated dump areas and, whenever practically possible, in metal cans with tightly fitting covers

Front 10

Who has custody of the keys to the locked decontamination supply cabinets?

Back 10

The Damage Control Assistant (DCA)

Front 11

Generally what are the differences between chemical and biological weapons?

Back 11

Chemical weapons are more suited for tactical, short-term local use, while biological weapons have a strategic, long range goal

Front 12

What agents are included in casualty-producing chemical agents?

Back 12

Nerve, blister, blood and choking agents

Front 13

What agents are included in harassing chemical agents?

Back 13

Tear gas and vomiting agents

Front 14

When are chemical agents classified as lethal?

Back 14

When they result in a 10% or greater death rate among casualties

Front 15

How do nerve agents produce their effect?

Back 15

By interferring with normal transmission of nerve impulses in the parasympethetic autonomic nervous system

Front 16

What is an apparent sign if a nerve agent was a vapor exposure?

Back 16

The pupils will constrict, usually to a pin point

Front 17

What is an apparent sign if a nerve agent was exposed through the skin?

Back 17

There will be a local muscular twitching where the agent was absorbed

Front 18

What is the specific therapy for nerve agent casualties?

Back 18

Atropine and acetycholine blocker

Front 19

WHEN EXPOSED, what is issued to each member of the Navy and Marine Corps?

Back 19

THREE 2mg autoinjectors of atropine and THREE 600mg auntoinjectors of 2-PAM C1.

Front 20

Is it permissable to give nerve agent antidotes for preventive purposes BEFORE contemplated exposure to a nerve agent?

Back 20

No, they are given when EXPOSED.

Front 21

When you experience the MILD symptoms of nerve-agent poisoning, where do you administer ONE SET of atropine and 2-PAM C1 injections (after putting on your protective mask)?

Back 21

In your lateral thigh or buttocks.

Front 22

How long should the atropine injector be firmly held in place for a nerve-agent injection?

Back 22

At least 10 seconds.

Front 23

What should you do with the USED nerve agent antidote injectors?

Back 23

Attach them to your clothing to indicate the number of injections you have already recieved.

Front 24

Why should the HM NOT use their own autoinjectors when treating a member suffering from severe signs of nerve-agent poisoning?

Back 24

Because if you do, you may not have any antidote available when needed for self-aid. Therefore, always use the casualties own autoinjectors when providing aid.

Front 25

Why are mustard (HD) blister agents particularly insidious?

Back 25

Because they don't manifest their symptoms for several hours after exposre.

Front 26

What part of the body is the most vulnerable to mustard gas?

Back 26

The eyes

Front 27

What is the first symptom of lewisite?

Back 27

The vapors are so irritating that conscious persons are immediately warned by discomfort to put on a mask

Front 28

What are the 2 suggested antidotes in treating cyanides?

Back 28

Amyl nitrite in crush ampules is provided as first aid. Follow up therapy with IV Sodium Thiosulfate Solution is required.

Front 29

What are the 2 suggested antidotes in treating cyanides?

Back 29

Amyl nitrite in crush ampules is provided as first aid. F/U therapy with IV Soduim thiosulfate solution is required.

Front 30

What is the key to successful cyanide therapy?

Back 30

Speed, as cyanide acts rapidly on an essential enzyme system.

Front 31

What is phosgene?

Back 31

A colorless gas with a distintive odor similar to that of a new-mown hay or freshly cut grass.

Front 32

What is the principal requirement for first aid of psychological agents?

Back 32

To prevent victims from injuring themselves or others furing the toxic psyhosis

Front 33

What is the treatment for choking or lung agents?

Back 33

Once symptoms appear, complete bed rest is mandatory and treatment has to be symptomatic

Front 34

What are the 2 types of riot-control/harassment agents?

Back 34

Lacrimators and vomiting agents

Front 35

What is an important point to remember when considering first aid for lacrimators (tear gas) ?

Back 35

That although first aid is generally not necessary, this material adheres tenacioudly to clothing, and a change of clothing may be necessary

Front 36

What first aid is given for vomiting agents?

Back 36

Washing the skin and rinsing the eyes and mouth with water with a mild analgesic to relieve any headache

Front 37

What is the first aid for white phosphorus (WP) smoke?

Back 37

No treatment is necessary, and spontaneous recovery is rapid once the patient is removed fromo the WP source

Front 38

What first aid is rendered when burning particles of white phosphorus (WP) are embedded in the skin?

Back 38

They must be covered with water, a wet cloth, or mud until they are removed surgically.

Front 39

What is the major difference between biological agents and most war gases or vapors?

Back 39

They cannot be detected by the physical senses or by chemical detectors

Front 40

What are the best lines of defense against biological agents?

Back 40

The natural resistance of the body and its maintenance in the best possible physical condition

Front 41

What is considered as the greatest potential hazard in biolgical warfare?

Back 41

Inhalation of airborne organisms

Front 42

What is the best group protection in biological as well as chemical and radiological warfare?

Back 42

A tightly constructed shelter that is pressurized

Front 43

What disposition is made of all exposed or unpackaged foods not in critical supply in the event of a known or suspected biological attack?

Back 43

Should be destroyed

Front 44

What is chlorination by far the almost universal method of purifying water?

Back 44

Because it destroys most of the bioligcal agents

Front 45

Generally, what offers the best protection before a nuclear explosion ashore if there are no specially constructed shelters?

Back 45

In the basement near walls.

Front 46

What is the normal duration of flash blindness (from a person looking in the general direction of a nuclear detonation)?

Back 46

From 20-30 minutes

Front 47

Who will be burn casualties in a nuclear explosion?

Back 47

Only those in the direct line of sight of thermal emission

Front 48

What course of action must be taken immediately, in the event of a suprise nuclear attack, no matter where you are?

Back 48

Drop to the prone position in a doorway or against a wall

Front 49

What are the 3 broad classes of injuries to personnel resulting from a nuclear explosion?

Back 49

Blast and shock injuries,burns, and ionizing radiation effects

Front 50

What are primary blast injuries?

Back 50

Those that result fromo the direct action of the air shock wave on the human body