Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
solvation (dissolution)
|
clustering of solvent molecule around a solute particle
when water is solvent, it is called hydration |
|
miscible
|
capable of mixing in all propotion
|
|
mole fraction
|
X=mole of component/total moles of all components
|
|
sum of mole fraction in sys
|
is 1
Xwater +Xglyceral =1 |
|
molality (m)
|
mole of solute/kilogram of solvent
|
|
liter of water =
|
1kg of water
|
|
Molarity (M)
|
mole of solute/liters of solution
|
|
Normality
|
#of equalvalent of solute per liter of solution
for 2M of H3PO4 N= 2M*3N/M = 6N |
|
dilution
|
MiVi =MfVf
#mole does not change, volume of solution and concentration change |
|
dilute
|
solute <solvent
|
|
concentration
|
solute>solvent
|
|
colligative property
|
depends on the number of dissoved particle in the solution but not on their chemical identity of nature
|
|
vapor pressure depression
|
Psoln =Xsolvent*Psolvent
if solute A is added to a pure solvent B the vapor pressure above the solvent decrease, the more particle dissolve in a solvent, lower the vapor pressure does not matter what you addif it dec mole fraction of solvent it will depress the V.P |
|
Freesig point depression
|
dTf=Kfm
Kf=1.86C/m for H2O m=molality adding solute also lower freezing pint b/c solute molecule interrupt the rodered crytal structure of the solid phase |
|
boiling point of elevation
|
dTb = Kbm
Kb=constant temp at which vapor pressure exceeds ambient pressure adding solute lowers the vapor pressure higher temp is needed to raise the vapor pressure cause the solution to boil. |
|
# of particle inc =
|
vapor pressure dec =low temp
thus high temp is needed to raise vapor pressure |
|
Osmotic pressure
|
=MRT
|