Chem. Exam 4

Front 1

Fusion (solid to liquid)

Back 1

Energy absorbed

Front 2

Vaporization (liquid to gas)

Back 2

Energy absorbed

Front 3

Sublimation (solid to gas)

Back 3

Energy absorbed

Front 4

Freezing (liquid to solid)

Back 4

Energy released

Front 5

Condensation (gas to liquid)

Back 5

Energy released

Front 6

Deposition (gas to solid)

Back 6

Energy released

Front 7

Liquids and solids are ______ phases

Back 7

condensed

Front 8

Forces that hold one molecule near another

Back 8

Intermolecular Forces

Front 9

IMFs are directly related to:

Back 9

Melting point, boiling point, energy to convert a solid to a liquid, energy to convert a liquid to a vapor

Front 10

In liquids, particles are in ________ contact, but not orderly like solids

Back 10

close

Front 11

Strongest IMF is found in:

Back 11

solids

Front 12

IMF in gases experience:

Back 12

little or no IMF

Front 13

As the strength of IMF increases, the delta H vaporization:

Back 13

increases

Front 14

Vaporization is:

Back 14

endothermic

Front 15

State in which rate of evaporation is equal to the rate of condensation

Back 15

dynamic equilibrium

Front 16

pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid in a closed container at a given temperature:

Back 16

equilibrium vapor pressure

Front 17

As temperature increases, so does the:

Back 17

average kinetic energy and vapor pressure

Front 18

as the strength of IMF increases, the:

Back 18

boiling point increases

Front 19

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation

Back 19

Front 20

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation with two different temperatures

Back 20

Front 21

Measure of force required to "break" the surface of the liquid

Back 21

Surface tension

Front 22

Molecules are pulled______ and ______ with surface tension

Back 22

downward and sideways

Front 23

strong IMFs result in a:

Back 23

higher surface tension

Front 24

raising the temperature of a liquid reduces its:

Back 24

surface tension

Front 25

strong IMFs equal:

Back 25

higher viscosity (honey vs. water)

Front 26

Higher temp. equals:

Back 26

lower viscosity

Front 27

_____ of the molecule affects viscosity

Back 27

length

Front 28

ability of a liquid to flow up a thin tube against the force of gravity

Back 28

capillary action

Front 29

intermolecular attraction between like molecules

Back 29

cohesion

Front 30

attraction between unlike molecules

Back 30

adhesion

Front 31

when adhesion is greater than cohesion:

Back 31

liquid will rise in a glass tube. concave meniscus is formed

Front 32

when adhesion is less than cohesion:

Back 32

liquid will fall in a glass tube. convex meniscus is formed

Front 33

greater charge equals stronger attraction

Back 33

ion-ion forces

Front 34

attraction between two polar molecules

Back 34

dipole-dipole IMFs (HCl)

Front 35

Elements bonded to ______ are very electronegative

Back 35

hydrogen

Front 36

attractive forces that occur between polar and nonpolar molecules

Back 36

dipole-induced dipole forces

Front 37

Ease with which an electron cloud can be distorted and dipole can be induced

Back 37

Polarizability

Front 38

attractive forces caused by induced dipoles are called:

Back 38

london dispersion forces (will be stronger than dipole-dipole forces when they occur among highly polarized molecules)

Front 39

As a temporary dipole is established in one molecule, it induces a dipole in all ______ molecules

Back 39

surrounding