Chem Exam 3

Front 1

strong acids:
HCL
HBr
HI
H2SO4
HNO3
HClO

Back 1

hydrochloric acid
hydrobromic acid
hydroiodic acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid
perchloric acid

Front 2

all of the strong acids are acids when

Back 2

dissolved in water.
all others besides the these 6 are weak acids

Front 3

HCl is a gas call

Back 3

hydrogen chloride when water is not present.

Front 4

Which chemical formula is incorrectly paired with its name?

Back 4

A) hydroxide ion, OH–
B) nitrate ion, NO3–
C) ammonium ion, NH3+
D) carbonate ion, CO32–
*C (should be NH4+)

Front 5

Which is not a general property of bases?

Back 5

A) They react with acids.
B) They release OH– in aqueous solution.
C) They react with carbonates to dissolve them.
D) They taste bitter (if dilute).
*C

Front 6

Which compound dissolves in water produce an acid?

Back 6

A) CO
B) CO2
C) CH4
D) NH3
*B

Front 7

Which of these substances can neutralize ammonia?

Back 7

H2SO4

Front 8

Which equation represents a neutralization reaction?

Back 8

A) HNO3(aq) → H+(aq) + NO3–(aq)
B) Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
C) SO2(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3(aq)
D) 2 H+(aq) + CaCO3(s) → Ca2+(aq) + CO2(aq) + H2O(l)
*B

Front 9

KOH(aq) + ________ → KNO3(aq) + H2O(l)

Back 9

HNO3(aq)

Front 10

A solution that has a pH of 6 is

Back 10

slightly acidic.

Front 11

One rain sample has a pH of 3.5 and a second sample has a pH of 4.5. The solution of pH 3.5 is ___________ as acidic as the solution with pH 4.5

Back 11

ten times

Front 12

A lake sample has a pH of 6.45 The [H+] in the sample is between

Back 12

10-6 and 10-7 M

Front 13

Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be

Back 13

acidic

Front 14

solutions with a pH greater than 7 are

Back 14

basic

Front 15

Which chemical formula is incorrectly paired with its name?

Back 15

carbonate ion, CO3–

Front 16

Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2 HCl (aq) → ______+ 2 H2O(l)

Back 16

CaCl2(aq)

Front 17

Which equation shows how acids can dissolve limestone or marble?

Back 17

2 H+(aq) + CaCO3(s) → Ca2+(aq) + CO2(aq) + H2O(l)

Front 18

Which equation represents a neutralization reaction?

Back 18

KOH(aq) + HNO3(aq) → KNO3(aq) + H2O(l)

Front 19

Which of these substances is expected to have the lowest pH?

Back 19

lemon juice

Front 20

An aqueous solution is considered basic if

Back 20

[H+] < [OH-]

Front 21

If the concentration of H+(aq) in an aqueous solution is 1 x 10-9 M, what is the pH of the solution?

Back 21

9

Front 22

Acidic rain, fog, and snow all have a pH

Back 22

lower than pure water

Front 23

CaCO3 is a major chemical component in limestone and marble, materials that can be damaged by acid rain. What is the chemical name for CaCO3?

Back 23

calcium carbonate

Front 24

H+ is the same as

Back 24

H3O+

Front 25

an acid

Back 25

is a chemical substance when put in water forms a hydronium

Front 26

between each number on the pH scale there are how many times more moles

Back 26

10 times!

Front 27

pH of 7 is

Back 27

neutral (closest to water)
things like seawater, household ammonia and liquid drain washers are more basic than pure water.
things like lemon juice, urine, and battery acid is more acidic than pure water

Front 28

strong acids

Back 28

HCl
HBr: hydrobronic acid
HI: hydroiodic acid
HNO3: nitric acid
H2SO4: sulfuric acid
HClO4:perchloric acid

Front 29

how does a nuclear power plant generate electricity?

Back 29

by using heat from nuclear fission to convert water into steam, which drives a turbine

Front 30

what radioactive elements can you buy in products sold in a hardware store?

Back 30

Th and Am

Front 31

what is the most important reason that self-sustaining natural nuclear reactors, like fossil nuclear reactor that ran two billion years ago at oklo, will not be found on earth now or in the future?

Back 31

there is not enough of the isotope 235 U in naturally occuring uranium ores today.

Front 32

a radioactive nuclide undergoes B (beta) negative decay. which of the following is true?

Back 32

the atomic number goes up by one and the mass number stays the same (negative means it is turning neutron into a proton )

Front 33

What is the principal nuclear reaction that provides most of the heat to turn water into steam in a typical fission nuclear reactor?

Back 33

Neutron-induced fission of 235U nuclides.

Front 34

Other than for the purpose of cooling, what is the principal purpose of the water used in a typical fission nuclear reactor (also called a "light-water" nuclear reactor)?

Back 34

To slow down the neutrons so that they can more efficiently cause more fission reactions.

Front 35

What is the purpose of the "control rods" in a typical fission nuclear reactor?

Back 35

To absorb some of the neutrons within the reactor core.