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20 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
chemistry
Science that describes matter – its properties-composition-structure, the changes it undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany those processes
Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space.
Energy
The capacity to do work or transfer heat.
Chemical Properties
chemical changes, rusting or oxidation, chemical reactions
Physical Properties
physical changes, changes of state, density, color, solubility
Extensive Properties
depend on quantity
Intensive Properties
do not depend on quantity
Scientific (natural) law
A general statement based the observed behavior of matter to which no exceptions are known.
Law of Conservation of Mass
The notion that mass, or matter, can be neither created nor destroyed.
Law of Conservation of Energy
A law that states that in any system not involving nuclear reactions or velocities approaching the velocity of light, energy cannot be created or destroyed. The First Law of Thermodynamics.
compounds
combination of 2 or more elements in definite ratios by mass. The character of each element is lost when forming a compound.
molecules
the smallest unit of a compound that retains the characteristics of the compound.
Exact numbers
1 dozen = 12 things, for example
Accuracy
how closely measured values agree with the correct value
Precision
how closely individual measurements agree with each other
chemical formula
chemical symbols and number of each representing composition
C8H10N4O2 - caffeine
empirical formula
simplest ratio of elements that does not represent the actual number and is non-positional
molecular formula
chemical symbols and number of each representing composition and actual number but not position
structural formula
chemical symbols and number of each representing composition, actual number and position
Mole
1 mole is the amount of substance that contains as many particles (atoms, molecules) as there are in 12.0 g of 12C.

Avogadro’s Number
6.022 x 10^23