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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemistry
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Science that describes matter – its properties-composition-structure, the changes it undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany those processes
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Matter
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Anything that has mass and occupies space.
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Energy
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The capacity to do work or transfer heat.
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Chemical Properties
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chemical changes, rusting or oxidation, chemical reactions
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Physical Properties
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physical changes, changes of state, density, color, solubility
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Extensive Properties
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depend on quantity
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Intensive Properties
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do not depend on quantity
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Scientific (natural) law
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A general statement based the observed behavior of matter to which no exceptions are known.
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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The notion that mass, or matter, can be neither created nor destroyed.
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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A law that states that in any system not involving nuclear reactions or velocities approaching the velocity of light, energy cannot be created or destroyed. The First Law of Thermodynamics.
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compounds
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combination of 2 or more elements in definite ratios by mass. The character of each element is lost when forming a compound.
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molecules
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the smallest unit of a compound that retains the characteristics of the compound.
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Exact numbers
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1 dozen = 12 things, for example
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Accuracy
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how closely measured values agree with the correct value
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Precision
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how closely individual measurements agree with each other
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chemical formula
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chemical symbols and number of each representing composition
C8H10N4O2 - caffeine |
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empirical formula
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simplest ratio of elements that does not represent the actual number and is non-positional
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molecular formula
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chemical symbols and number of each representing composition and actual number but not position
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structural formula
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chemical symbols and number of each representing composition, actual number and position
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Mole
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1 mole is the amount of substance that contains as many particles (atoms, molecules) as there are in 12.0 g of 12C.
Avogadro’s Number 6.022 x 10^23 |