Chem Chapter 2

Front 1

matter

Back 1

anything that has mass and occupies space

Front 2

solid

Back 2

definite shape and volume, particles cohere rigidly to one another

Front 3

crystalline

Back 3

particles exist in a regular, repeating, 3 dimensional pattern

Front 4

amorphous

Back 4

particles do not have any regular, internal geometric pattern

Front 5

liquid

Back 5

definite volume, but not definite shape, particles cohere firmly but no rigidly

Front 6

gas

Back 6

indefinite volume and no fixed shape, particles move independent of one another

Front 7

substance

Back 7

matter with a definite and and fixed composition, either elements or compounds

Front 8

homogenous

Back 8

matter which is uniform in appearance and has the same properties throughout

Front 9

heterogenous

Back 9

matter consisting of two or more physically distinct phases

Front 10

phase

Back 10

a homogenous part of a system separated from other parts of the system

Front 11

mixture

Back 11

a material containing 2 or more substances, can be either homo or heterogenous

Front 12

element

Back 12

basic building block for the atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Front 13

atom

Back 13

the smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical reaction

Front 14

symbol

Back 14

an abbreviation for the name of an element

Front 15

metal

Back 15

an element that is solid at room temperature and whose properties include luster, ductility, malleability, good conductors of heat and temperature, metals tend to lose their valence electrons and become positive ions

Front 16

nonmetal

Back 16

an element that has properties the opposite of metals: lack of luster, relatively low melting point and density and generally poor conductor of heat and electricity- many are gases (bromine/mercury)

Front 17

metalloid

Back 17

element having properties that are intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals, very useful in electronics

Front 18

compound

Back 18

a distinct substance composed of 2 or more elements combined in definite proportions, may be decomposed into simpler substances

Front 19

molecular compounds

Back 19

a compound joined by atoms of a covalent bond

Front 20

ionic compounds

Back 20

a compound in which ions are bound by electrostatic interactions of cations and anions

Front 21

molecule

Back 21

smallest uncharged individual unite of a compound foremd by the union of two or more atoms

Front 22

ion

Back 22

positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms

Front 23

cation

Back 23

positively charged ion

Front 24

anion

Back 24

negatively charged ion

Front 25

diatomic molecules

Back 25

set of elements which do not exist as free individual atoms but as 2 atom molecules: H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2

Front 26

chemical formula

Back 26

abbreviation for compounds, shows symbols and the ratio of the atoms of the elements in the compound