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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Daltons atomic model
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the first modern atomic theory to state that elements are composed of minute individual particles called atoms
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law of definite composition
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a compound always contains two or more elements combined in a definite proportion by mass
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law of multiple proportions
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atoms of two or more elements may combine in different ratios to produce more than one compound
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subatomic particles
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particles found within the atom, painly protons, neutrons, and electrons
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electron
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a particle with a negative electronical charge
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proton
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a subatomic particle found in the nucleaus of the atom that caries a positive electrical charge
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neutron
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a subatomic paritcle that is electrically neutral and is found in the nucleus of an atom
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Thomson model of the atom
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thomson asserted that atoms are not indivisible but are comjposed of smaller parts; they contain both positively and negatively charged particles-protons as well as electrons
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nucleus
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the central part of an atom that contains all its protons and neutrons, its very dense andhas a positive electrical charge
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atomic number
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
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isotopes
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atoms of an element having the same atomic number but different atomic masses
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mass number
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the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus
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atomic mass unit
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a unit of mass equal to one-twelfth the mass of carbon-12 atoms
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atomic mass
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the average relative mass of the isotopes that element compared to the atomic mass or carbon-12
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Dalton
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revived the concepts of atoms and proposed an atomic model based on facts and experiments evidence
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Thomson
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discovered the nature of a proton
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Rutherford
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established that positive charged alpha particles emitted by certain radioactive elements are ions of Helium
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ions
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a positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms
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cations
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positively charged ions
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anions
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negatively charged ions
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cathode rays
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the emissions gereated in a Crookes tube
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isotopic notation
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notation for an isotope of an element where the subscript is the atomic number, the superscript is the mass number, and they are attached on the left of the symbol for the element
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