Chem 4.1: Names And Formulas

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A solution whose pH is less than 7.

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acidic

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A metallic solution or a mixture of two or more metals.

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alloy

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A compound from which the water has been removed.

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anhydrous

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A negatively charged ion.

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anion

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A substance that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.

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Arrhenius acid

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Substance that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.

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Arrhenius base

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A solution where water is the solvent. Abbreviated as (aq).

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aqueous

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The product in a neutralization reaction in which the salt is disassociated in water.

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aqueous salt

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A solution whose pH is greater than 7.

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basic

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A substance composed of only two different elements

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binary molecular compound

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An attractive force between two or more atoms or molecules that holds them together in a compound or in solution.

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bond

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A proton donor.

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Bronsted-Lowry acid

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A proton acceptor.

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Bronsted-Lowry base

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A positively charged ion.

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cation

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A form of matter containing two or more elements, combined in fixed proportions.

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compound

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A solid having a highly regular arrangement of atoms or molecules.

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crystal

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To separate a compound into its ions in water.

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dissociate

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Having no positive or negative charge.

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electrically neutral

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A chemical formula that shows the relative number of each type of atom in a molecule, using the smallest possible set of integers.

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empirical formula

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An element in Group VIIA of the periodic table.

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halogen

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A compound in which a specific number of water molecules is associated with each formula unit.

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hydrate

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An element that is a shiny solid, a good conductor, malleable, and has a high melting point.

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metal

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An element that has some properties characteristic of metals and some of nonmetals.

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metalloid

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A group of at least two covalently bonded atoms.

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molecule

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A compound made up of molecules.

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molecular compound

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A representation of a compound which shows the absolute number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

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molecular formula

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An ion formed from a single atom.

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monatomic ion

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A solution whose pH equals 7.

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neutral

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A reaction in which an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

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neutralization reaction

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An element that does not demonstrate the classic properties of a metal.

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nonmetal

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Polyatomic anion containing an atom of one element and different numbers of oxygen atoms.

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oxyanion

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A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together.

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periodic table

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A scale that indicates the acidity of a solution; it is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions.

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pH scale

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An ion composed of two or more atoms, covalently bonded together.

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polyatomic ion

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Material produced during a chemical reaction.

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product

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One of the starting materials in a chemical reaction.

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reactant

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An ionic compound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. One type, table salt, is sodium chloride.

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salt

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Substance that dissociates completely into its ions when added to water and conducts electricity well.

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electrolyte