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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two other terms for stabilization energy? |
Resonance Energy and Delocalization Energy |
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A region of space in which, if you place an electron there, you will weaken a bond is an... |
Anti-bonding orbital |
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In the MO diagram for butadiene, say, how would you describe the electrons in the lowest orbital, which has no nodes? |
You would say they are "completely delocalized," and from there "partially delocalized," etc. |
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Of 1,2 and 1,4 products, which is usually kinetically favorable and which is usually thermodynamically favorable? |
1,2 is kinetic (lower E(a)), and 1,4 is thermodynamic (lower energy overall) |
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What three states of allylic and benzylic (thus conjugated) compounds are more stable than without such conjugation? |
Carbocations (~15), free radicals (~10), and carbanions (~25) [kcal/mol more stable] |
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T/F: Electrons are evenly distributed across 3 carbons ( /\ ) in an allyl cation, but they react at terminal carbons because these are the only ones available to take electrons. |
True |
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A strong acid is that with a more _ conjugate base. |
Stable |
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What is the term for why substitution makes more stabilization? Explain. |
Hyperconjugation: the interaction of filled sigma bonds with adjacent unfilled orbitals which leads to stabilization |
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What are allylic and benzylic systems and reactions so stable and forming many products? What is the exception here? |
Because of their many resonance forms; once the aromatic ring is no longer existent, it's no longer stable |
