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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the parts of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases? |
- A gas consists of particles - atoms or molecules - that move randomly and rapidly -The size of gas particles is negligible compared to the space between the particles - Because the space between gas particles is large, gas particles exert no attractive forces on each other - The kinetic energy of gas particles increases with increasing temperature - When gas particles collide with each other, they rebound and travel in new directions. When gas particles collide with the walls of a container, they exert a pressure. |
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________ is the _____ exerted per unit _____ when gas particles hit a surface. |
Pressure (P), Force (F), Area (A), P = F/A
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What are equivalents for the common pressure unit, 1 atmosphere (atm)? |
- 760. mm Hg - 760. torr - 14.7 psi - 101,325 Pa |
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What is Boyle's Law? |
For a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related. It relates pressure and volume. - PV = k (k = constant) - P1V1 = P2V2 |
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What is Charles's law? |
For a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is proportional to its Kelvin temperature. It relates volume and temperature. - V/T = k - V1/T1 = V2/T2 |
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What is Gay-Lussac's Law? |
For a fixed amount of gas at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is proportional to its Kelvin temperature. It relates pressure and temperature. - P/T = k - P1/P2 = P2/T2 |
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What is the Combined Gas Law? |
It shows the relationship of P, V, and T when two quantities are changed. P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 |
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What is Avogadro's Law? |
When the pressure and temperature are held constant, the volume of a gas is proportional to the number of moles present. V/n = K |
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What are the standard conditions of temperature and pressure (STP) that gas is often compared to? |
1 atm (760 mm Hg) for pressure 273 K (0 C) for temperature
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What is the standard molar volume? |
At STP one mole of any gas has the same volume, 22.4 L.
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What is the ideal gas law? |
A gas law that relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of gas in a single equation; PV = nRT, where R is constant. atm R = 0.0821 mm Hg R = 62.4 |
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What is Dalton's law? |
The total pressure (Ptotal) of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of its component gases. PA + PB = Ptotal |
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What chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)? |
Compounds containing the elements of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine that are implicated in the destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere. |
