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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is work? |
Work is force applied over a distance |
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Equation for Work |
W=F*d |
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What is heat? |
Heat is the energy transferred from a hotter object to a colder object |
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Under what conditions is heat transferred from one object to another?
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Heat is transferred from one object (system) to another until the two objects (systems) are at the same temperature.
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When are q and w negative numbers? |
q is negative when the system loses heat to the surroundings, w is negative when the system does work on the surroundings.
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How to tell if a process is endothermic? |
If kJ ia positive |
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How to tell if a process is exothermic |
If kJ is negative |
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If the process is endothermic, does the internal energy of the system within the cylinder increase or decrease during the change?
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increase |
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Under what condition will the enthalpy change of a process equal the amount of heat transferred into or out of the system?
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When a process occurs under constant external pressure.
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During a constant-pressure process, the system releases heat to the surroundings. Does the enthalpy of the system increase or decrease during the process?
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The enthalpy of the system decreases.
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What is the specific heat of liquid water?
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4.184 J/g⋅∘C
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What is the molar heat capacity of liquid water?
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75.40 J/mol⋅∘C
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What is meant by the term enthalpy of formation?
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This is the enthalpy change that occurs when a compound is formed from its component elements.
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the ripening of a banana,
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spontaneous |
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dissolution of sugar in a cup of hot coffee
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spontaneous |
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the reaction of nitrogen atoms to form N2 molecules at 25 ∘C and 1 atm
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spontaneous |
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lightning
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spontaneous |
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formation of CH4 and O2 molecules from CO2 and H2O at room temperature and 1 atm of pressure
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nonspontaneous |
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In what temperature range is it a spontaneous process?
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above 100 ∘C
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In what temperature range is it a nonspontaneous process?
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below 100 ∘C
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At what temperature are the two phases in equilibrium?
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100 ∘C
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How does the entropy of the system change when a solid melts
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increases |
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How does the entropy of the system change when a gas liquefies
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decreases |
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How does the entropy of the system change when a solid sublimes
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increases |
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How does the entropy of the system change when the temperature of the system increases?
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increases
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How does the entropy of the system change when the volume of a gas increases?
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increases
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How does the entropy of the system change when equal volumes of ethanol and water are mixed to form a solution?
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increases
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open system |
one in which matter and energy can be exchanged with the surroundings |
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closed system |
exchange energy, but not matter with its surroundings |
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isolated system |
neither energy nor matter can be exchanged with the surroundings |
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Which of the following statements is false?
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Like internal energy, enthalpy is an intensive property.
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