Chapters 1, 2, And 3 For Child Development

Front 1

child development

Back 1

area of study devoted to understanding constancy and change from conception through adolescence

Front 2

developmental science

Back 2

field of study that includes all changes we experience throughout the lifespan

Front 3

prenatal period

Back 3

from conception to birth

Front 4

infancy and toddlerhood

Back 4

birth to 2 years

Front 5

early childhood

Back 5

2 to 6 years

Front 6

middle childhood

Back 6

6 to 11 years

Front 7

adolescence

Back 7

11 to 18 years

Front 8

theory

Back 8

an orderly integrated set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior

Front 9

physical development

Back 9

changes/growth in body systems (size)

Front 10

cognitive development

Back 10

changes in intellectual ability (memory)

Front 11

emotional development

Back 11

changes in emotions or self-understanding

Front 12

social development

Back 12

changes in communication and friendships

Front 13

continuous

Back 13

a process of gradually adding more of the same types of skills that were there to begin with

Front 14

discontinuous

Back 14

a process in which new ways of understanding and responding to the world emerge at specific times

Front 15

stages

Back 15

changes in thinking, feeling, and behaving, that characterize specific periods of development

Front 16

contexts

Back 16

unique combinations of personal and environmental circumstances that can result in different paths of change.

Front 17

nature vs. nurture

Back 17

1.___inborn biological givens
2.___complex forces that influence our makeup and experiences.

Front 18

resilience

Back 18

ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats to development

Front 19

tabula rasa

Back 19

Locke viewed children as a blank slate__ (latin)

Front 20

noble savage

Back 20

Rosseau viewed children as these ____ (naturally endowed with a sense of right and wrong and with an innate plan for orderly, healthy growth)

Front 21

maturation

Back 21

refers to the genetically determined, naturally unfolding course of growth

Front 22

Charles Darwin

Back 22

forefather of scientific child study

Front 23

psychoanalytic perspective

Back 23

children move through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations.

Front 24

psychosexual theory

Back 24

emphasizes that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in the first few years is crucial for healthy personality development (freud)

Front 25

psychosocial theory

Back 25

tthe ego makes a positive contribution to development acquiring attitudes and skills at each stage that make the individual an active, contributing member of society. (Erikson)

Front 26

behaviorism

Back 26

directly observable events, stimuli and responses, are the appropiate focus of study

Front 27

behavior modification

Back 27

procedures that combine conditioning and modeling to eliminate undesirable behaviors and increase desirable responses

Front 28

Ethology

Back 28

study that focuses on the adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and on similarities between humans and other species.

Front 29

Evolutionary developmental psych.

Back 29

branch of psych. that seeks to understand the adaptive value of species wide cognitive, emotional, and social competencies as they change with age.

Front 30

socio cultural theory

Back 30

focuses on how culture is transmitted to the next generation. (vygotsky)