Chapter Questions (1-3)

Front 1

The ability to make contingency plans to deal with temptation is indicative of a:

Back 1

well developed cool system.

Front 2

Avoidant causes are thought to be compelling because they:

Back 2

represent a threat to our survival.

Front 3

Some theorists argue that humans have evolved to 'err on the side of caution'. Which of the following is inconsistent with this view?

Back 3

Mary is always on the go, traveling to new and exotic places.

Front 4

It has been shown that humans are inclined to persist:

Back 4

. when they develop mastery or competence while working towards a goal. b. all of these. c. when they are making no progress towards a goal but have hope of attaining a goal. d. when they have been rewarded intermittently.

Front 5

A central characteristic of people who self-regulate is that:

Back 5

they reflect on what went right and what went wrong.

Front 6

Which of the following theorists held that humans can use their free will and reason to control their instincts?

Back 6

Descartes

Front 7

According to Freud, when goal objects have been blocked:

Back 7

either the ego will make alternative plans or the energy may be redirected towards substitute goal objects.

Front 8

According to the drive theory of Clark Hull:

Back 8

a weak drive can activate a strong habit, and a strong drive can activate a weak habit.

Front 9

According to social learning theory:

Back 9

behavior can be acquired through modeling and observation.

Front 10

What are the main elements of cognitive-choice theories?

Back 10

expectancies and values

Front 11

Evolutionary psychologists assume that humans:

Back 11

evolved to be a social animal.

Front 12

It has been suggested by Buck that humans tend to:

Back 12

act in a selfish or selfless manner when it is appropriate.

Front 13

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the view of evolutionary psychology on the origin or cause of behavior?

Back 13

Genes determine brain design which produces dispositions to action.

Front 14

Activation of the ________ serves to promote the suppression of inappropriate behavior.

Back 14

behavioral inhibition system

Front 15

The dopaminergic pathway:

Back 15

helps humans learn both adaptive and nonadaptive behaviors and plays a role in creating positive affect.

Front 16

________ is thought to play an important role in regulating anxiety and information processing.

Back 16

GABA

Front 17

Moods:

Back 17

are useful in helping us to understand and redirect our behavior.

Front 18

According to the text, the fact that "a usual dosage level" of a drug can cause an overdose when taken in a new or unfamiliar environment may be explained by:

Back 18

classical conditioning and the opponent process.

Front 19

An individual who labels him or herself as an alcoholic versus a heavy drinker:

Back 19

is more likely to lose control of his or her drinking.

Front 20

Cognitive theory, in contrast to social incentive theory, assumes that behavior results from:

Back 20

intentions.

Front 21

1.Which of the following is not thought to be one of the mechanisms that evolved to help humans guard against natural toxins?

Back 21

Avoiding foods on the basis of visual appearance.

Front 22

The reason humans are inclined to cook foods today can be explained by:

Back 22

cultural conditioning.

Front 23

With respect to glucose:

Back 23

most is stored in cell walls as glycogen. b. all of these are true. c. some remains in the blood for use as energy. d. excess amounts are converted by the liver to fat.

Front 24

Gram for gram:

Back 24

fats contain twice as many calories as carbohydrates.

Front 25

Which of the following is an illustration of 'eating for the positive-incentive value of food'?

Back 25

Eating nutrition deficient junk food because it taste good.

Front 26

Ignoring specific dynamic action (SDA), what percentage of our expenditure is caused by the basal metabolic rate?

Back 26

67%

Front 27

Lesions in the lateral hypothalamus cause:

Back 27

almost complete cessation of eating (anorexia).

Front 28

In a field study of obese (external) and nonobese (internal) individuals who flew with Air France, it was found that:

Back 28

obese individuals had less difficulty adjusting to the time changes.

Front 29

In the preloading studies where subjects had to judge the quality of ice cream after preloading, nonrestrained eaters as compared to restrained eaters:

Back 29

tended to eat less after preloading.