Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
trait
|
in genetics, a category within which alternate characteristics, such as height
and eye color, can be observed |
|
dihybrid cross
|
a cross between individuals that involves the pairing of
contrasting traits |
|
dominant
|
referring to an allele that masks the presence of another allele for the
same characteristic |
|
F generation
1 |
the offspring of cross-pollinated P1 generation plants
|
|
F generation
2 |
the offspring of self-pollinated F1 generation plants
|
|
genetics
|
the field of biology devoted to understanding how traits are passed
from parents to offspring |
|
genotype
|
the genetic makeup of an organism
|
|
genotypic ratio
|
the probable ratio of genotypes produced by a cross
|
|
heredity
|
the transmission of traits from parents to their offspring
|
|
heterozygous
|
referring to a gene pair in which the two alleles do not code for
the same trait |
|
homozygous
|
referring to a gene pair in which the two alleles code for the same
trait |
|
incomplete dominance
|
an inheritance relationship that occurs when both
alleles influence the phenotype |
|
law of independent assortment
|
law stating that pairs of genes separate
independently of one another in meiosis |
|
law of segregation
|
law stating that pairs of genes separate in meiosis and each
gamete receives one gene of a pair |
|
molecular genetics
|
the study of the structure and function of chromosomes
and genes |
|
monohybrid cross
|
a cross between individuals that involves one pair of
contrasting traits |
|
P
1 |
a strain obtained through self-pollination
|
|
phenotype
|
the external appearance of an organism that is determined by the
individuals genotype |
|
phenotype frequency (phenotypic ratio)
|
a ratio stating the number of times
a specific phenotype occurs in a population in a single generation |
|
pollination
|
the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a flower of the
same species |
|
probability
|
the number of times an event is expected to happen divided by the
number of opportunities for an event to happen |
|
Punnett square
|
a model used to establish the probabilities of the results of a
genetic cross |
|
pure
|
ability to always pass on a specific trait to offspring
|
|
recessive
|
referring to an allele that is masked by the presence of another allele
for the same characteristic |
|
self-pollination
|
pollination involving the same flower, flowers on the same
plant, or two genetically identical plants |
|
stigma
|
an expanded apex of a pistil, supported by the style; the part of the pistil
that receives pollen; female reproductive parts of a flower |
|
strain
|
denotes a plant that is pure for a certain trait
|
|
testcross
|
the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a
homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype |
|
allele-
|
an alternative form of a gene
|
|
anther
|
the microsporangium of an angiosperm in which pollen grains are produced; the male reproductive organs of a flower
|
|
codominance
|
an inheritance relationship in which neither of 2 alleles of the same gene totally masks the other
|
|
complete dominance
|
an inheritance relationship in which one allele is completely dominant over the other; both Bb & BB have the same phenotype
|
|
cross-polination
|
a reproductive process in which pollen from 1 plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant
|