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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Water Cycle
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The movement of water from the surface of Earth and into the air again.
... Sun's energy is what drives the water cycle ... the heating and coolong of the water is what makes it change form |
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Water Vapor
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...gas form of
...water vapor is in the air |
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Precipitation
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Water that falls back to earth
... can be:rain, snow, sleet & hail ...precipitation soaks into the ground, evaporates or runs off |
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Evaporation
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The process by which a liquid changes into a gas
... heat causes water to evaporate into water ...water evaporates from oceans, lakes, rivers, soil, puddles and even from sweat...(skin) ...water vapor rises into the air and becomes cooler |
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Condensation
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The process by which a gas changes into a liquid, caused by the cooling of water vapor.
... Can be seen on the outside of a cold drink glass, or a mirrir after a shower |
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Clouds
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Condensed water that cools and collects on dust particles
... tiny droplets of water join together and make larger drops ... eventually the droplets become to heavy and they fall in the form of precipitation |
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Groundwater
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Precipitation that soaks into the ground through small holes and then flows seeper through rock.
...used for drinking water when wells are dug |
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Runoff
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Rain that is not soaked into the ground runoff and flows into creeks and streams... and from there flows into rivers and then into oceans
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Lotic
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Moving bodies of water such as creeks, streams and rivers. They flow into other bodies of water
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Letic
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Still bodies of water such as ponds and oceans. They do not flow into another body of water.
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Precipitation
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part of the water cycle
...falls in 4 forms A. Rain... B. Sleet C. Snow D. Hail |
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Severe Storms
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Suns heat powers the water cycle and causes severe storms
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Thunderstorms
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Lightning, strong winds, heavy rain, tornadoes
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Tornadoes
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Fast wind spiral, stretches from storm cloud to ground... 250 mph winds.... 800-1000 in US each year
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Hurricanes
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Large tropical storms, ...74 mph... form over water...weaken when they hit land... calm center is called the eye
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Storm surge
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Huge bulge of water pushed onto land by the storm
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Blizzards
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Severe snowstorms that last over hours... strong winds, blowing snow, very low temperatures
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Weather Safety
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...listen to radio or tv station
... some areas have weather sirens ... stay inside a building unless officials evacuate area |
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Land heats up quicker than water
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Land cools down more quickly than water
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Rain
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Most common... liquid water ... falls when air temp is more than 32 degrees F
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Sleet
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Frozen rain caused when rain falls through a layer of freezing cold air
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Snow
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Ice crystals... caused ehrn air temp is cold and vapor turns to ice
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Hail
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Round pieces of ice caused when rain freezes and falls to warmer air. Then raindrops coat the frozen rain. Frozen rain is then carried back to colder air, freezing it again. Can be as small as pea or large as grapefruit
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Temperature over land is different than the temperature over water
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the difference intemperature causes the air to move and creates a breeze
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Sea Breeze
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A breeze that moves from water to land
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land breeze
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a breeze that moves form land to water
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Sea Breeze storms
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a storm that happens because cool sea breezes push clouds towards the shore
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Rain Shadow
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the area on the side of a mountain range that gets little or no rain or cloud cover
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Air Mass
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A large ody of air that causes weather changes
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Temperature and moisture levels depend on where the air mass is formed
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Dry... formed over land
Wet... formed over water Cold... Comes from the North Warm... Comes from the South |
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Types of air masses bring different types of weather
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Cold-wet.... brings snow
Cold-dry... brings cool Warm wet... brings precipitation Warm dry... brings warm weather with no or little precipitation |
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Front
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The border between 2 air masses when they meet. Most storms happen here
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Cold front
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Forms where a cold air mass moves under a warm air mass
...the warm air moves up and cools causing the water vapor to condense. |
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Weather Map
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a map that uses color and symbols to give information like temperature, fronts wind speed precipitation air pressure
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Warm front
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Stationary Front
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Rain
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Cold front
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Snow
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Pressure
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High
Low |
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barometer
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an instrument that measures air pressure
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High Pressure
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brings clear skies and fair, cool weather
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low Pressure
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Brings cloudy skies, precipitation and warm weather
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Anemometer
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Measures wind speed
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Wind vanes
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Shows wind direction
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Clouds
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Help predict the weather because different fronts produce different weather
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Status Clouds
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Thick blankets of clouds, occur along warm fronts, signal rain
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Nimbostratus Clouds
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Develop from stratus clouds
... Thick dark blanket, brings light rain or snow showers |
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Cumulus Clouds
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Puffy white clouds... happen on cleaar warm days
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Cumulonimbus Clouds
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Develop from cumulus clouds
... Dark towering clouds ... Thunderstorm clouds |
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Cirrus Clouds
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Wispy, cool fair weather
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Warm Front
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Froms where warm air moves over cold air
... Warm fronts move slowly..l bring steady rain ... Followed by clear warm weather |
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Stationary Front
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A front that stays in place for many days... because 2 air masses do not have enough energy to move
... weather is often cloudy/wet ... many inches of snow or flooding rains occur |
