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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Homeostasis
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The state of equilibrium that produces a constant internal environment throughout the body.
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Urea
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The major waste product of protein metabolism.
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Urinary System aka Urinary Tract
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Consists of 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, one bladder and a urethra.
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Kidneys
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These constantly filter the blood to remove the waste products and excess water and salts. Located retroperitoneally with one on each side of the vertebral column below the diaphragm.
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Urine
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A sterile liquid by-product of the body that is secreted by the kidneys through a process called urination and excreted through the urethra.
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Renal
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Pertaining to the kidneys.
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Renal Cortex
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This is the outer rim of the kidney. It contains over 1 million microscopic units called nephrons.
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Medulla
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This is the inner region of the kidney; it contains most of the urine-collecting tubules.
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Renal Pelvis
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This is the funnel-shaped area within each kidney that is surrounded by these 2 layers.
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Nephrons
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These are the functional units of the kidneys. They form the urine by the process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
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Glomerulus
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This is a cluster of capillaries which is surrounded by a cup-shaped membrane called the Bowman's Capsule.
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Urochrome
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THis is the pigment that gives urine its normal yellow-amber or straw color.
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ur/o
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Means Urine
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-chrome
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Means Color
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Ureters
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These are narrow tubes, each about 10 to 12 inches long. Each one carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.
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Peristalsis
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This moves the urine downward toward the bladder.
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Urinary Bladder
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This is a hollow muscular organ that is a reservoir for urine. It stores about 1 pint of urine.
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Urethra
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This is the rube extending from the bladder to the outside of the body.
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Urinary Sphincters
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There are 2 of these, which are located at either end of the urethra, control the flow of urine from the bladder into the urethra and out of the urethra through the urethral meatus.
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Urethral Meatus aka Urinary Meatus
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This is the external opening of the urethra.
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Female Urethra
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This is approx. 1.5 inches long. Located between the clitoris and the opening of the vagina. Only conveys urine.
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Male Urethra
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This is approx 8" long. Located at the tip of the penis. Conveys both semen and urine.
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Nephrologist
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This person specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys.
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nephr
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Kidney
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-ologist
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specialist
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Urologist
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This person specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males.
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