Chapter 8 Vocabulary

Front 1

Process by which nutrient material is transferred from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream or lymph

Back 1

Absorption

Front 2

Enzyme that breaks down starch

Back 2

amylase

Front 3

Building up of the body tissue in the constructive phase of metabolism

Back 3

Anabolism

Front 4

Lack of appetite, decreased desire for food

Back 4

Anorexia

Front 5

Surgical excision of the Appendix

Back 5

Appendectomy

Front 6

Inflammation of the Appendix

Back 6

Appendicitis

Front 7

Significant accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Back 7

ascites

Front 8

Pertaining to bile

Back 8

biliary

Front 9

Orange - colored bile pigments produced by the separation of hemoglobin into parts that are excreted by the liver cells

Back 9

Bilirubin

Front 10

Condition in which the tongue is covered by hair-like papillae entangled with threads produced by Aspergillus Niger or Candida albicans fungi

Back 10

Black hairy tongue

Front 11

Intestine

Back 11

Bowel

Front 12

pertaining to the cheek or mouth

Back 12

buccal

Front 13

A breaking down of complex substances into more basic elements

Back 13

Catabolism

Front 14

Pertaining to the abdomen

Back 14

Celiac

Front 15

Abnormal condition of the lip as seen in riboflavin and other B- complex deficiencies

Back 15

cheilosis

Front 16

surgical excision of the gallbladder

Back 16

Cholecystectomy

Front 17

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Back 17

Cholecystitis

Front 18

Surgical incision of the common bile duct

Back 18

choledochotomy

Front 19

Milky fluid of intestinal digestion composed of lymph and emulsified fats

Back 19

chyle

Front 20

Chronic degenerative liver disease characterized by changes in the lobes: parenchymal cells and the levels are infiltrated with fat

Back 20

Cirrhosis

Front 21

Surgical excision of part of the colon

Back 21

Colectomy

Front 22

Malignancy of the colon, sometimes called colo-rectal cancer

Back 22

Colon cancer

Front 23

Pertaining to the colon

Back 23

Colonic

Front 24

Then, lighted, flexible instrument that is used to view the interior of the colon during the colonoscopy

Back 24

colonoscope

Front 25

Visual examination of the colon via a colonoscope

Back 25

Colonoscopy

Front 26

The creation of a new opening into the colon

Back 26

Colostomy

Front 27

Infrequent passage of unduly hard and dry feces

Back 27

Constipation

Front 28

Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract but most commonly occurs in the ileum

Back 28

Crohn's disease

Front 29

Evacuation of the bowel

Back 29

Defecation

Front 30

Act or process of swallowing

Back 30

Deglutition

Front 31

Pain in a tooth

Back 31

dentalgia

Front 32

Specializes in dentistry

Back 32

Dentist

Front 33

Type, number, and arrangement of teeth in the dental arch

Back 33

dentition

Front 34

frequent passage of unformed watery stools

Back 34

Diarrhea

Front 35

Process by which food is changed in the mouth, stomach, and intestines by chemical, mechanical, and physical action so that it can be absorbed by the body

Back 35

Digestion

Front 36

inflammation of the diverticula

Back 36

Diverticulitis

Front 37

Pertaining to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine

Back 37

duodenal

Front 38

An intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane

Back 38

Dysentery

Front 39

Difficulty in digestion

Back 39

Dyspepsia

Front 40

Difficulty in swallowing

Back 40

Dysphagia

Front 41

Vomiting

Back 41

Emesis

Front 42

Pertaining to the small intestine

Back 42

Enteric

Front 43

Inflammation of the small intestine

Back 43

Enteritis

Front 44

Protein substance capable of causing rapid chemical changes and other substances without being changed itself

Back 44

Enzyme

Front 45

Pertaining to the region above the stomach

Back 45

Epigastric

Front 46

Belching

Back 46

eructation

Front 47

Pertaining to the esophagus

Back 47

Esophageal

Front 48

Body waste discharged from the bowel by way of the anus

Back 48

feces

Front 49

Fibrous, encapsulated connective tissue tumor

Back 49

Fibroma

Front 50

The expelling of gas from the anus

Back 50

flatus

Front 51

Surgical excision of a part or the whole stomach

Back 51

Gastrectomy

Front 52

Pertaining to the stomach

Back 52

Gastric

Front 53

Study of the stomach and intestines

Back 53

Gastroenterology

Front 54

Condition that occurs when the muscle between the esophagus and the stomach, the lower esophageal sphincter, is weak or relaxes inappropriately, allowing the stomach contents to back up into the esophagus

Back 54

Gastroesophageal esophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Front 55

To feed liquid or semi liquid food via a tube or nasogastric

Back 55

Gavage

Front 56

Inflammation of the gums

Back 56

Gingivitis

Front 57

Partial or complete surgical exposition of the tongue

Back 57

glossectomy

Front 58

Formation of glycogen from glucose

Back 58

Glycogenesis

Front 59

Bad breath

Back 59

Halitosis

Front 60

Vomited up blood

Back 60

Hematemesis

Front 61

Passage of stools that contain red blood

Back 61

Hematochezia

Front 62

Mass of dilated, tortuous veins in the anorectum

Back 62

Hemorrhoids

Front 63

Inflammation of the liver

Back 63

Hepatitis

Front 64

Tumor of the liver

Back 64

Hepatoma

Front 65

Abnormal protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the body cavity

Back 65

Hernia

Front 66

Surgical repair of a hernia

Back 66

Herniorrhaphy

Front 67

Intravenous infusion of a hypertonic solution to sustain life

Back 67

Hyperalimentation

Front 68

Excessive vomiting

Back 68

Hyperemesis

Front 69

Pertaining to below the stomach

Back 69

Hypogastric