Chapter 8 The Digestive System

Front 1

An/o

Back 1

Anus

Front 2

Append/o

Back 2

Appendix

Front 3

Appendic/o

Back 3

Appendix

Front 4

Bar/o

Back 4

Pressure, weight

Front 5

Bucc/o

Back 5

Cheek

Front 6

Cec/o

Back 6

Cecum

Front 7

Chol/e

Back 7

Bile, gall

Front 8

Cholangi/o

Back 8

Bile duct

Front 9

Cholecyst/o

Back 9

Gallbladder

Front 10

Choledoch/o

Back 10

Common bile duct

Front 11

Col/o

Back 11

Colon

Front 12

Colon/o

Back 12

Colon

Front 13

Dent/o

Back 13

Teeth

Front 14

Duoden/o

Back 14

Duodenum

Front 15

Enter/o

Back 15

Small intestine

Front 16

Esophag/o

Back 16

Esophagus

Front 17

Gastr/o

Back 17

Stomach

Front 18

Gingiv/o

Back 18

Gums

Front 19

Gloss/o

Back 19

Tongue

Front 20

Hepat/o

Back 20

Liver

Front 21

iel/o

Back 21

ileum

Front 22

Jejun/o

Back 22

Jejunum

Front 23

Labi/o

Back 23

Lips

Front 24

Lapar/o

Back 24

Abdomen, Abdominal Wall

Front 25

Lingu/o

Back 25

Tongue

Front 26

Lith/o

Back 26

Stone, Calculus

Front 27

Odont/o

Back 27

Teeth

Front 28

Or/o

Back 28

Mouth

Front 29

Palat/o

Back 29

Palate

Front 30

Pancreat/o

Back 30

pancreas

Front 31

pharyng/o

Back 31

throat, pharynx

Front 32

proct/o

Back 32

rectum

Front 33

pylor/o

Back 33

pylorus,plyoric, sphincter

Front 34

rect/o

Back 34

rectum

Front 35

sialaden/o

Back 35

salivary gland

Front 36

sigmoid/o

Back 36

sigmoid colon

Front 37

-emesis

Back 37

vomiting

Front 38

-lithiasis

Back 38

presence of stones

Front 39

-prandial

Back 39

meal

Front 40

-tripsy

Back 40

destroy, crush

Front 41

-orexia

Back 41

appetite

Front 42

-pepsia

Back 42

digest, digestion

Front 43

-phagia

Back 43

eat or swallow

Front 44

steat/o

Back 44

fat

Front 45

cheil/o

Back 45

lips

Front 46

-emet

Back 46

vomit

Front 47

-occult

Back 47

hidden

Front 48

metabol

Back 48

change

Front 49

ceil/o

Back 49

abdomen

Front 50

-ase

Back 50

enzime

Front 51

-chezia

Back 51

defecation

Front 52

-iasis

Back 52

abnormal condition

Front 53

proctology

Back 53

study of rectum

Front 54

gastroesophageal

Back 54

pertaining to the stomach or esophagus

Front 55

carcinoma

Back 55

malignant tumor of the skin

Front 56

colitis

Back 56

inflammation of the colon

Front 57

cholecysitis

Back 57

inflammation of the galibladder

Front 58

choleithiasis

Back 58

presence of stones in galibladder

Front 59

cholecystography

Back 59

visual exam of the galibladder

Front 60

Intravenous

Back 60

IV~ the giving of liquid substances directly into a vein

Front 61

Transhepatic

Back 61

Pertaining to across the liver

Front 62

Cholangiography

Back 62

Exam of the gall vessels with the use of a contrast medium

Front 63

Colonoscopy

Back 63

Exam of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum

Front 64

Cholangiopancreatography

Back 64

Exam of the bile ducts and pancreas

Front 65

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Back 65

Endoscopic procedure that allows a visual exam of the upper GI tract

Front 66

Gastroscopy

Back 66

Endoscope exam of the stomach

Front 67

Laparoscopy

Back 67

Visual exam of the abdomen and pelvis

Front 68

Sigmoidoscopy

Back 68

Endoscopic exam of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and the descending colon

Front 69

Choledocholithotripsy

Back 69

the crushing of the stones in the common bile duct

Front 70

Colostomy

Back 70

artificial opening from the colon

Front 71

Borborygmus

Back 71

normal intestine sounds

Front 72

Jaundice

Back 72

yellowish skin color

Front 73

Icterus

Back 73

yellowish skin color

Front 74

Proteins

Back 74

Amino Acids

Front 75

Sugars

Back 75

Glucose

Front 76

Fats

Back 76

Fatty Acids

Front 77

Tongue

Back 77

works in conjuction with the buccinator and keeps food on the grinding surface

Front 78

Liver

Back 78

produces bile, maintains glucose levels in bloodstream, makes blood proteins to help blood clotting, and removes toxins and poisons from the bloodstream

Front 79

Pancreas

Back 79

produces insulin and enzymes

Front 80

Anorexia

Back 80

lack of appetite

Front 81

Cachexia

Back 81

general weight loss due to disease or emotion

Front 82

Bulimia

Back 82

act of bingeing and purging

Front 83

Ascites

Back 83

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Front 84

Eructation

Back 84

gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

Front 85

Steatorrhea

Back 85

fat in the feces; frouthy, foul-smelling fecal matter

Front 86

Aphthous Stomatitis

Back 86

inflammation of the mouth with small painful ulcers

Front 87

Dental Caries

Back 87

tooth decay

Front 88

Herpetic Stomatitis

Back 88

inflammation of the mouth by infection with the herpesvirus

Front 89

Oral Leukoplakia

Back 89

white plaques or patches

Front 90

Periodontal Disease

Back 90

inflammation and degeneration of the gums, teeth, and surrounding bone

Front 91

Feces

Back 91

stool, waste product

Front 92

Melena

Back 92

black tarry stool, bleeding in the upper digestive tract

Front 93

Hematochezia

Back 93

bright red blood in stool

Front 94

Hematemesis

Back 94

vomiting of blood

Front 95

Flatus

Back 95

gas expelled through rectum

Front 96

Flatulence

Back 96

gas expelled through rectum

Front 97

Achalasia

Back 97

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax

Front 98

LES

Back 98

lower esophagus sphincter

Front 99

Esophageal Varices

Back 99

swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

Front 100

GERD

Back 100

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease~ solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

Front 101

Peptic Ulcer

Back 101

Open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum

Front 102

Gastric Carcinoma

Back 102

Malignant tumor of the stomach

Front 103

Hernia

Back 103

protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it

Front 104

Anal Fistula

Back 104

abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

Front 105

Colonic Polyposis

Back 105

Polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

Front 106

Colorectal Cancer

Back 106

Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

Front 107

Crohn Disease

Back 107

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

Front 108

Diverticulosis

Back 108

abnormal side pockets (outpouchings) in the intestinal wall

Front 109

Dysentery

Back 109

painful, inflamed intestines

Front 110

Hemorrhoids

Back 110

swollen, twisted, vericose veins in the rectal region

Front 111

ileus

Back 111

failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

Front 112

intussusception

Back 112

telescoping of the intestines

Front 113

volvulus

Back 113

twisting of the intestines on itself

Front 114

IBS

Back 114

Irritable Bowl Syndrome~ group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension

Front 115

Ulcerative Colitis

Back 115

chronic inflammation of the colon with the presence of ulcers

Front 116

Cirrhosis

Back 116

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

Front 117

Pancreatitis

Back 117

inflammation of the pancreas

Front 118

Viral Hepatitis

Back 118

inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

Front 119

Cholecystectomy

Back 119

removal of the gallbladder

Front 120

choledochotomy

Back 120

incision into common bile duct

Front 121

ESWL

Back 121

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Front 122

Emetic

Back 122

induces vomitting

Front 123

Antiemetic

Back 123

stops vomitting

Front 124

Lavage

Back 124

to wash

Front 125

Gavage

Back 125

force feeding through a stomach tube

Front 126

pyrosis

Back 126

heartburn

Front 127

dyspepsia

Back 127

difficult digestion

Front 128

duodenum

Back 128

first part of the digestive system

Front 129

PEG

Back 129

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy~ feeding tube

Front 130

NV&D

Back 130

Nausea, Vomiting, & Diarrhea

Front 131

Hepatitis A

Back 131

infectious (fecal to oral)

Front 132

Hepatitis B

Back 132

serum (contaminated syringes)

Front 133

Hepatitis C

Back 133

chronic (comes from transfusions)

Front 134

Hepatitis D

Back 134

can include blood to blood contact

Front 135

Hepatitis E

Back 135

acute hepatitis (traveler's hepatitis

Front 136

Jejunum

Back 136

2nd part of the digestive system

Front 137

ileum

Back 137

3rd part of the digestive system

Front 138

Mastication

Back 138

chewing

Front 139

bolus

Back 139

soft mass of chewed food

Front 140

deglutition

Back 140

swallowing food