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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is an abstraction that purports to account for or explain phenomena?
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Theory
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There are two types of theories: __________, __________, _________, and ________.
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Classical theory
Descriptive theory Grand theory Middle-range theory |
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What is a Classical Theory?
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An abstract generalization that systematically explains relationships among phenomena.
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What is a Descriptive theory?
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A theory that thoroughly describes a phenomenon, based on rich observations of it
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What is a Grand theory?
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A theory that attempts to explain large aspects of human experiences
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What is a Middle-range theory?
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A theory that focuses on a specific aspect of human experience (e.g., stress)
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What are Conceptual Models?
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~Deal with abstractions, assembled in a coherent scheme
~Represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories ~Do not have formal propositions about relationships among phenomena |
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What is a Framework?
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The overall conceptual underpinnings of a study
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What are the 2 type of frameworks?
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Theoretical framework and Conceptual framework
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What is a Conceptual framework?
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A study that is based on a conceptual model
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What is a Theoretical framework?
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based on theory
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What are the Commonalities between Theories and Conceptual Models?
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~use concepts as building blocks
~require conceptual definitions of key concepts ~can be depicted in schematic models ~are created by humans ~are developed inductively ~cannot be proved—they are supported to greater or lesser degrees ~can be used to generate hypotheses ~can serve as a stimulus to research |
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What are the four concepts central to models of nursing?
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Person
Environment Health Nursing |
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What are two Conceptual models of nursing?
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Roy’s Adaptation Model
Orem’s Self-Care Model |
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What are two other models developed by nurses:
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~Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM)
~Mishel’s Uncertainty in Illness Theory |
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What are four examples of Non-Nursing Models Used by Nurse Researchers? (Shared theories)
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~Becker’s Health Belief Model (HBM)
~Lazarus and Folkman’s Theory of Stress and Coping ~Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) ~Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory |
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What are the Theories in Qualitative Research?
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~Substantive theory
~Theory embedded in a research tradition -Grounded theory -Ethnography -Phenomenology |
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What is Substantive theory?
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conceptualizations of the target phenomena
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What is the use of Theories or Models in Quantitative Research?
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~Testing a theory
~Testing two competing theories ~Testing a theory-based intervention ~Using a theory/model as an organizing structure ~Fitting a problem into theory after-the-fact (not recommended) |
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A set of logically interrelated propositions is associated with a:
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Classical theory
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The power of theories lies in their ability to:
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Explicate the nature of the relationships that exist among phenomena
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The overall purpose of a theory is to:
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Make scientific findings meaningful and generalizable
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The building blocks of theory are:
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Concepts
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The major similarity between theories and conceptual models is that both:
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Use concepts as their building blocks
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The Health Promotion Model would best be described as a:
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Middle-range theory
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Which of the following is not a central concept in conceptual models of nursing?
A) Person B) Social support C) Health D) Environment |
Social support
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The nurse-theorist Orem developed the:
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Model of Self-Care
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The nurse-theorist Roy developed the:
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Adaptation Model
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The nurse-theorist Mishel developed the:
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Uncertainty in Illness Model
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Lazarus and Folkman's Theory of Stress and Coping is an example of:
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A shared theory
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An ideational theory is a type of theory that might be used in a(n):
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Ethnography
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Classical theories offer an explanation not only of the relationship between variables but also of the nature of the relationship.
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True
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Descriptive theories can involve a thorough description or classification of a single phenomenon.
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True
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Deductive reasoning is the basic intellectual process used in developing a theory.
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False
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Theories can never be positively proved.
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True
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Failure of research to disconfirm a theory increases support for the theory.
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True
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Grounded theory is to descriptive theory as a schematic model is to a statistical model.
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False
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A conceptual framework may be defined as a well-formulated deductive system of abstract formal propositions.
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False
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Research projects that are not based on theory have little utility to the nursing profession.
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False
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Schematic models attempt to represent reality with a minimal use of words.
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True
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