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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articulations |
Site where two or more bones meet |
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Function of joints |
Give skeleton mobility Hold skeleton together |
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Functional classification of joints(3) |
Synarthroses - immovable Amphiarthroses - slightly moveable Diarthroses -freely moveable |
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Structural classification of joints (3) |
Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial |
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Fibrous Joints |
Bones joined by dense fibrous connective Tissue No joint cavity Most are synarthrotic (immovable) |
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Cartilaginous Joints |
Bones united by cartilage No joint cavity Most are synarthrotic (Immovable) some are amphiarthrotic slightly moveable Hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surface Fibrocartilage present |
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Synovial joints |
All are diarthrotic Include all limb joints most joints of the body |
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Distinguishing features of synovial joints (6) |
1.Articular cartilage; hyaline cartilage 2.Joint (synovial) cavity 3. Articular joint capsule - outer fibrous capsule of dense irregular connective Tissue/ inner synovial membrane of loose connective Tissue 4.synovial fluid- lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage 5. Reinforcing ligaments 6. Rich nerve and blood vessel supply |
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Synovial joint |
Back (Definition) |
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Synovial joint movement |
Muscle attachments across a joint: Origin - attachment to the immovable bone Insertion- attachment to moveable bone (Muscle contraction causes the insertion to move towards the origin) |
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6 types of synovial joints |
Plane - flat, short gliding Hinge - motion along single plane, flex toon and extension Pivot - rounded end of bone conforms to ring of another bone Condyloid - articular surfaces are oval Saddle - allow greater freedom concave and convex areas Ball and socket - most freely moving |
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Joint injuries |
Sprained ligament stretched or torn, partial tears repair Cartilage tears - compression and shear stress, fragments may cause joint to lock Dislocations occurs when bone is forces out of alignment Subluxation partial dislocation of a joint |
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Arthritis |
> 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative disease that damages joints Pain, stiffness swelling of joint Acute - Caused by bacteria treated with antibiotics Chronic -osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and gouty arthritis |
