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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Exercise Physiology
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The study of the function of the body under the stress of acute and chronic physical activity. how the body responds to the intense demands placed on it by physical activity And changes that occur in the body during regular exercise training
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acute
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refers to performing a single bout of exercise. This could be a few seconds (40 yd dash) or hours (ultra-marathon)
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neuroendocrine system
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control of energy balance
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metabolic systems
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energy release, feul reserves
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neuromuscular system
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movement, nerve to muscle coordination
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cardiovascular-respiratory system
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: Oxygen and energy delivery, Internal and External Respiration, Thermoregulation
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Chronic
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a certain length of time over which changes take place in different physiologic systems during exercise training programs.
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activity continuum (classification of exercise in 2 ways)
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metabolic responses (anaerobic and aerobic), hemodynamic systems
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specificity
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Physiological adaptations are related to a specific response of acute exercise
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movement energy
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the study of biochemical processes that release bound or potential energy and convert it to free energy.
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primary energy sources
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carbohydrates and fats
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metabolism
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the sum of chemical processes in the body
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catabolism
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the process of breaking down the large energy nutrient molecules to their smaller building blocks.
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anabolism
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process whereby smaller molecules are built up into larger molecules
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adenosine triphosphate
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ATP, body's direct energy source
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ATP
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Energy-rich compound that provides cells with a means of storing and conserving energy
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Anaerobic ATP production(2systems)
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Phosphagen System, Lactic Acid System; does not require oxygen
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Phosphagen System
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Provides majority of power for first 10 seconds; ATP is produced through phosphorylation; high power, produces ATP rapidly
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power
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relates to how quickly the system can produce ATP
application of a force relative to time |
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capacity
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refers to the ability to make large quantities of ATP
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creatine phosphate
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Found in muscle in greater quantities than ATP (3X more); The breakdown of CP serves to sustain ATP levels in the muscle until the reservoir (CP) is depleted
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lactic acid system
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uses glycolysis to provide energy, starts a 10 seconds and lasts till 90 seconds; lactic acid is by product of fast glycolysis
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aerobic respiration
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cellular respiration; requires oxygen, uses glycolysis, lipolysis, beta-oxidation, krebs cycle, and electron transport chain, LOW POWER
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lipolysis
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breakdown of triglycerides
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beta-oxidation
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breakdown of fatty acids
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Cardiorespiratory System (2 parts)
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responsible for oxygen delivery, Pulmonary System and cardiovascular system
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Pulmonary System
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responsible for gas exchange from external to internal environment
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Cardiovascular system
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Oxygen and nutrients to muscle and removal of heat and waste
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Cardiac output
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the product of stroke volume and heart rate
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thermoregulation (2 ways)
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evaporation (sweating) and water intake
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3 types of muscle fibers
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slow oxidative, fast oxidative glycolytic, fast glycolytic
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