Chapter 7: Circulatory System

Front 1

Pericardium

Back 1

Encloses the heart;

Innermost layer is the visceral pericardium (or epicardium);

Front 2

Endocardium

Back 2

Forms the lining inside the heart

Front 3

Myocardium

Back 3

Heart muscle itself; thickest tissue of the heart, composed of muscle fibers that contract to pump blood from the heart with each heart beat

Front 4

Coronary Arteries

Back 4

Blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart

Coronary means encircling, like a crown

Front 5

Angi/o

Vas/o

Vascul/o

Back 5

Vessel

Angiotensinogen, vasodilation, vascular

Front 6

Aort/o

Back 6

Aorta

Aortic

Front 7

Arter/o

Arteri/o

Back 7

Artery

Arterial, arteriosclerosis

Front 8

Arteriol/o

Back 8

Arteriole

Front 9

Ather/o

Back 9

Yellow fatty plate

Atherosclerosis

Front 10

Phleb/o

Ven/o

Back 10

Vein

Phlebotomist, venous

Front 11

Venul/o

Back 11

Venule

Front 12

Cardiomyopathy

Back 12

General diagnostic term to designate primary disease of the heart muscle itself

Myocarditis (inflammation of heart muscle); endocarditis (infective microorganisms invade the endocardium, heart valves can be affected); pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium)

Front 13

adenoid/o

Back 13

adenoids

Front 14

cervic/o

Back 14

neck (or the uterine cervix)

Front 15

home/o

Back 15

sameness

Front 16

lymphat/o

Back 16

lymphatics

Front 17

splen/o

Back 17

spleen

Front 18

thromb/o

Back 18

thrombus, blood clot

Front 19

lymphangitis

Back 19

acute or chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels and can be cause by various microorganisms

Front 20

lymphangiography

Back 20

radiography of the lymphatic vessels and nodes after injection of a radiopaque substance has made them visible on x-ray film

Front 21

lymphedema

Back 21

swelling caused by accumulation of lymph in tissue

Front 22

lymphangiograms

Back 22

useful for checking the integrity of the lymphatic system in lymphedema and for investigating the spread of malignant tumors

Front 23

5 types of blood vessels

Back 23

ARTERY

ARTERIOLES

CAPILLARIES

VENULES

VEINS

Front 24

2 BODY SYSTEMS THAT MAKE UP THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Back 24

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Front 25

ANGINA PECTORIS

Back 25

severe chest pain and constriction about the heart caused by an insufficient supply of blood to the heart itself.

Front 26

arrhythmia

Back 26

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat;

dysrhythmia is more correct

Front 27

cardiomegaly

Back 27

enlarged size of the heart

Front 28

congenital heart defects

Back 28

abnormalities present in the heart at birth;

often involves the interatrial and interventricular septum (abnormal openings between the atria or the ventricles)

Front 29

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Back 29

condition characterized by weakness, breathlessness, and edema in lower portions of the body; the work demanded of the heart is greater than its ability to perform

Front 30

coronary artery disease (CAD)

Back 30

abnormal condition that affects the heart's arteries and produces various pathologic effects, especially the reduced flow of blood to the myocardium

Front 31

coronary heart disease (CHD)

Back 31

heart damage resulting from insufficient oxygen caused by pathologic changes in the coronary arteries

Front 32

fibrillation

Back 32

severe cardiac arrhythmia in which contractions are too rapid and uncoordinated for effective blood circulation.

Front 33

heart murmur

Back 33

soft blowing or rasping sound that may be heard when listening to the heart with a sthethoscope;

not necessarily pathologic

Front 34

infarction

Back 34

necrosis of a localized area of tissue caused by lack of blood supply to that area.

myocardial infarction = death of an area of the myocardium that occurs as a result of oxygen deprivation

Front 35

necrosis

Back 35

death of tissue

Front 36

ischemia

Back 36

deficiency of blood supply

Front 37

tachycardia

Back 37

high heart rate; elevated pulse rate

Front 38

cerebrovascular

Back 38

pertaining to the blood vessels in the brain

Front 39

thrombophlebitis

Back 39

inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot

Front 40

beta blockers in the heart

Back 40

medications given after myocardial infarction to allow the heart to work less (slow down)

Front 41

nitroglycerin

Back 41

vasodilator often used in angina pectoris

Front 42

digoxin

Back 42

drug often used in CHF and certain arrhythmias

Front 43

cardioversion

Back 43

restoring the heart's normal rhythm using electrical shock

Front 44

cardiopulmonary bypass

Back 44

method used to divert blood away from the heart and lungs during heart surgery

Front 45

cardiopulmonary ressucitation

Back 45

emergency first aid procedure used to reestablish heart and lung action

Front 46

CABG

Back 46

coronary artery bypass graft;

surgery that uses venous or arterial grafts to bypass blocked coronary arteries