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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
aort/o
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aorta
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ather/o
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fatty substance, plaque
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atri/o
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atrium
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cardi/o
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heart
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isch/o
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to keep back
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steth/o
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chest
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thromb/o
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clot
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valv/o
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valve
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valvul/o
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valve
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vascul/o
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blood vessel
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vas/o
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blood vessel
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cutane/o
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skin
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electr/o
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electrcity
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esophag/o
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esophagus
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my/o
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muscle
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pulmon/o
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lung
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son/o
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sound
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sphygm/o
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pulse
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-ac
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pertaining to
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-al
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pertaining to
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-ar
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pertaining to
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-ary
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pertaining to
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-dynia
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pain
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-eal
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pertaining to
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-ectomy
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surgical removal
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-emia
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blood condition
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-genic
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producing
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-gram
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record
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-graphy
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process of recording
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-ia
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condition
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-ic
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pertaining to
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-ism
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condition
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-itis
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inflamation
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-logist
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one who studies
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-logy
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study of
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-lysis
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destruction
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-lytic
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destruction
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-manometer
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instrument to measure pressure
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-megaly
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enlarged
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-ole
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small
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-oma
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tumor
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-ose
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pertaining to
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-osis
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abnormal condition
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-otomy
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cutting into
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-ous
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pertaining to
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-pathy
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disease
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-plasty
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surgical repair
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-rrhaphy
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suture
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-rrhexis
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rupture
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-sclerosis
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hardening
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-scope
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instrument for viewing
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-spasm
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involuntary muscle contraction
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-stenosis
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narrowing
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-tic
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pertaining to
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-ule
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small
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a-
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without
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brady-
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slow
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endo-
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within
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hyper-
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excessive
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hypo-
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insufficient
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inter-
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between
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intra-
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within
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per-
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through
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peri-
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around
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poly-
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many
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tachy-
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fast
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trans-
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across
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ultra-
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excess
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aneurysm
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Localized widening of artery due to weakness in arterial wall; may develop in any artery, but common sites are abdominal aorta and cerebral arteries
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angina pectoris
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Severe chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia
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arrhythmia
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irregular heart beat
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auscultation
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Listening to sound within body, such as heart or lungs, by using stethoscope
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bacterial endocarditis
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Inflammation of inner lining of heart (the endocardium) cuased by bacteria, may result in visible accumulation of bacteria called vegetation
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blood pressure (BP)
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Measurement of pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel
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bradycardia
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Abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute (bpm)
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cardiac arrest
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Complete stoppage of all heart activity, both electrical signals and muscle contractions
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cardiac catheterization
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Passage of thin tube (catheter) through veins or arteries leading into heart; used to detect heart abnormalities, to collect cardiac blood samples, and to determine pressure within heart.
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cardiac enzymes
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Complex proteins released by heart muscle when it is damaged; taken by blood sample to determine amount of heart disease or damage; most common cardiac enzymes are creatine kinase (CK), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
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cardiopulminary resuscitation (CPR)
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Applying external compressions to rib cage in order to maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of lungs during cardiac and respiratory arrest
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congenital septal defect (CSD)
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Birth defect in wall separating two chambers of heart allowing blood to pass between two chambers; there can be atrial septal defect (ASD) or ventricular septal defect (VSD)
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congestive heart failure (CHF)
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Condition that develops when heart muscle is not able to pump blood forcefully enough, reducing blood flow to body; results in weakness, dyspnea, and edema
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coronary artery bypass graft
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Open-heart surgery in which blood vessel, often leg vein, is grafted to route blood around occluded coronary artery
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coronary artery disease (CAD)
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Chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or artherosclerosis of coronary arteries; also called arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD)
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deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
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Formation of blood clots in deep veins; usually occurs in legs; pieces of clot may break away forming emboli
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defibrillation
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Using instrument called defibrilator to give electrical shock to heart for purpose of converting arrhythmia back to normal heart beat; also called cardioversion
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Doppler ultrasonography
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Imaging technique using ultrasound to create moving image; utilized to evaluate blood flow through blood vessels, movement of heart valves, and movement of heart muscle during contraction
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electrocardiography
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Diagnostic procedure that records electrical activity of heart; used to diagnose damage to heart tissue from coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction
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endarterectomy
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Surgical removal of inner lining of artery in order to remove plaques
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fibrillation
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Abnormal quivering or contractions of heart fibers; occurrence within fibers of entricle of heart result in cardiac arrest and death; emergency equipment to defibrillate, or convert heart to normal beat, is necessary
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heart murmur
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Abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing sound or harsh click; they may be soft and heard only with stethoscope or so loud they can be heard several feet away
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heart transplantation
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Replacement of diseased or malfunctioning heart with donor's heart
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heart valve prolapse
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Cusps or flaps of heart valve are too loose and fail to shut tightly, allowing blood to flow backwards (regurgitation) through valve when heart chamber contracts; most commonly occurs in mitral valve, but may affect any heart valve
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heart valve stenosis
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Cusps or flaps of heart vavle are too stiff and unable to open fully, making it difficult for blood to flow through; condition may affect any of heart valves but most often affects mitral valve
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Holter monitor
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Potable ECG monitor worn by patient for period of few hours to few days to assess heart and pulse activity as person goes through activities of daily living; used to assess patient who experiences chest pain and unusual heart activity during exercise and normal activities
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hypertension (HTN)
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Blood pressure above normal range; usually systolic pressure above 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg
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hypotension
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Decrease in blood pressure; can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia, or as death approaches
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implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
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Electrical device implanted in chest cavity with electrodes to heart; applies shock to heart to stop potentially life-threatening arrhythmias such as fibrillation
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infarct
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Area of tissue necrosis that develops from ischemia
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intravascular thrombolytic
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Threatment for clots occluding blood vessel; drugs, such as streptokinase (SK) or tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), are injected into blood vessels to chemically dissolve clots; commonly referred to as clot-busters
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myocardial infarction (MI)
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Infarct of heart muscle caused by occlusion of one or more of coronary arteries; symptoms include angina pectoris and shortness of breath; also referred to as heart attack
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myocardial ischemia
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Loss of blood supply to heart muscle tissue of myocardium due to occlusion of coronary arter; may cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction
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occlusion
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Blockage of blood vessel or other hollow structure; may be caused by thrombus, plaque, or embolus
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pacemaker
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Electrical device that artificially stimulates contraction of heart muscle; treatment for bradycardia
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percutaneous transluminal coronary angiolplasty (PTCA)
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Method for treating coronary artery narrowing; balloon catheter is inserted into coronary artery and inflated to dilate narrow blood vessel
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peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
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Disease of blood vessels away from central region of body, most typically in legs; symptoms include pain, numbness, and impaired circulation
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sphygmomanometer
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Instrument for measuring blood pressure; also referred to as blood pressure cuff
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stent
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Stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel or duct to widen lumen; may be placed in coronary artery to treat myocardial ischemia due to atherosclerosis
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stress test
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Method for evaluting cardiovascular fitness; patient is placed on treadmill or a bicycle and then subjected to steadily increasing levels of work; EKG and oxygen levels are taken while patient exercises,; test is stopped if abnormalitites occur on EKG
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tachycardia
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Abnormally fast heart rate more than 100 beats per minute (BPM)
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transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
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Specialized echocardiography procedure in which patient swallows ultrasound head in order to better visualize internal cardiac structures, especially cardiac valves
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varicose veins
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Swollen and distended veins, most commonly in legs
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venipuncture
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Puncture into vein to withdraw blood or inject medication or fluids
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