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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
flagella
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whiplike tails that help bacteria move
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fission
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a process that produces two new cells with genetic material identical to each other and that of the original cell; the simplest form of asexual reproduction
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aerobe
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an organism that uses oxygen for respiration
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anaerobe
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an organism that is adapted to live without oxygen
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prokaryotic
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cells without membrane-bound organelles
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antibiotics
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chemicals that limit the growth of other bacteria
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saprophyte
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any organism that uses dead organisms as food and energy sources
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nitrogen-fixing bacteria
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bacteria that change nitrogen from the air into forms that plants and animals can use
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bioremediation
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using organisms to help clean up or remove environmental pollutants
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pathogen
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any organism that causes disease
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toxins
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poisonous substances produced by some bacterial pathogens
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endospores
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thick-walled structures produced by some bacteria when conditions are unfavorable for survival. Endospores can resume growth, develop into regular bacterial cells, and produce toxins again when the conditions are favorable.
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pasteurization
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a process of heating food to a temperature that kills most harmful bacteria but causes little change to the taste of the food
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vaccine
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a preparation made from killed bacteria or damaged particles from bacterial cell walls or viruses that can prevent some bacterial and viral diseases
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