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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensation
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detecting a stimulus
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perception
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body's interpretation of the stimulus
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Primary sensory system
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input mainly from thalamic relay nuclei
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secondary sensory system
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input form thalamus and primary and secondary cortex
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association
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input from more than one sensory system
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functional segregation
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systems are not homologous- are functionally distinct
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parallel processing
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simultaneous analysis of signals - like a computer
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sounds are
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vibrations
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amplitude
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loudness
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frequency
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pitch
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complexity
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timber
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tympanic membrane
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ear drum
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ossicles
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bones- males, incus, stapes
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Cochlea
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fluid, snail shaped tube
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Organ of corti
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basilar membrane, hair cells, tectorial membrane
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Cochlear coding
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higher frequencies stimulate a diff part of the basilar membrane than low frequncies
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Cochlear Implant
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lack of cochlear nerve - genetic
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Ear to the Primary Auditory Cortex
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Auditory nerve axons synapse in the ipsilateral cochlear nuclei
• Impulse is relayed to the thalamus • Thalamic neurons then project to the primary auditory cortex |
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Auditory Cortex
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located in temporal lobe
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Auditory signals are conducted to two areas
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– Prefrontalcortex
– Posterior parietal cortex |
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Prefrontal cortex
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identify sounds (what)
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Posterior parietal cortex
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locates sounds (where)
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Lesions of auditory cortex
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result in few perm deficits
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deafness in adults
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is mostly genetic
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olfaction
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smell
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gustation
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taste
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olfactory system
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receptors to amygdala to thalamus
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smell= memory because....
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smell reports directly to brain
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taste buds
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receptors
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4 primary tastes
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sweet, sour, salty, bitter
umami |
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anosmia
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inability to smell, usually due to a blow to the head
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ageusia
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inability to taste
rare! |
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Somatosensory system
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exteroceptive, propioceptive, interoceptive
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exteroceptive system
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external stimuli
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propioceptive system
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body position
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interoceptive system
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body conditions
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cutaneous receptors
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in the skin
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pacinian corpuscles
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sudden displacement of skin
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free nerves
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temp and pain
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markels disks
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gradual skin indentation
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ruffini endings
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gradual skin stretch
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somatosensory homunculus
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how much of the brain is devoted to which body parts
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motor homunculus
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how much of brain is devoted to movement
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Astereognosia
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inability to recognize objects by touch
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Asomatognosia
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the failure to recognize parts of one’s own body
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pain is
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adaptive
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no obvious
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cortical representation of pain
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