Chapter 7-1 + 7-2

Front 1

crust

Back 1

the thin and solid outermost layer of the earth above the mantle

Front 2

mantle

Back 2

the layer of rock between the earh's crust and core

Front 3

outer core

Back 3

the liquid layer of the earth's core that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core. It is 2200km thick.

Front 4

inner core

Back 4

it is the solid, dense dense center of our planet that extends from the bottom of the Earth. It is 1230km thick.

Front 5

lithosphere

Back 5

it is the outermost rigid layer of the earth. it is divided in to tectonic plates

Front 6

asthenosphere

Back 6

it is the plastic layer of the earth in the mantle on which pieces move. it is made of solid rock that moves very slowly

Front 7

mesosphere

Back 7

it is the strong lower part of the mantle. it extends from the bottom of the asthenosphere to the earth's core

Front 8

oceanic crust

Back 8

it is mostly made of oxygen, silicon. and aluminum. it has almost twice as much iron calcium, and magnesium which; it is thinner and denser than the continental crust forms minerals

Front 9

continental crust

Back 9

it is mainly made of oygen silicon and aluminum

Front 10

be able to layer the 5 layers of the earths interior

Back 10

picture

Front 11

how many tectonic plates are there

Back 11

the are 10

Front 12

how have scientists mapped the earth's interior

Back 12

they map earth's interior when earthquakes produce seismec waves

Front 13

how have scientists been able to directly observe material from the mantle

Back 13

in some places magma pushes through the surface which alwos scientists to observe the mantle directly; volcanoes

Front 14

continental drift

Back 14

the hypothesis that continents onced formed a single landmass, broke up and drifted to their present location

Front 15

alfred wegener

Back 15

he made the hypothesis that the continents onced formed a single landmass

Front 16

describe three ways fossils provide evidence of continental drift?

Back 16

1. there are the same fosssils of plants and animals in different continents
2.with out continental drift the pattern would be hard to explain
3.they couldn't have crossed the ocean

Front 17

sea floor spreading

Back 17

the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies

Front 18

where is the older crust at a mid ocean ridge

Back 18

older crust gets pushed farther away; younger crust is closer to a mid ocean ridge than the older crust

Front 19

magnetic reversals

Back 19

is when poles change places

Front 20

how do magnetic reversals show that the sea floor is expanding in some areas

Back 20

minerals in the magma are magnetic. the the molten cools the record of these compasses remains in the rock. then the record is slowly carries away from the speading center

Front 21

glosspteris

Back 21

an ancient plant fossil that is found in many contintents

Front 22

mesosaurus

Back 22

fossils of small aquatic reptiles

Front 23

which layer do the plates move on top of

Back 23

the asthenosphere

Front 24

which layer is made up of tectonic plates

Back 24

the lithosphere