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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Francis Bacon
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English philosopher who, with Descartes, set up the basis of modern science. Induction & empiricism.
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Rene Descartes
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French philosopher & mathematician. Cartesian dualism.
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Deduction
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Start with general truths & attempt to discover truths for individual cases.
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Induction
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Start with individual cases & attempt to discover general truths.
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Empiricism
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Founding of knowledge based on observation & experience.
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Ptolemy
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Held that earth was center of cosmos
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Nicolas Copernicus
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Held that earth revolved around sun in 1543.
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Johannes Kepler
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Altered Copernican theory. Planets orbited in ellipses at different speeds.
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Galileo Galilei
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First to turn telescope towards the sky & measured mountains on moon.
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Isaac Newton
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Proved force of gravity after he invented calculus.
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Ptolemy
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Held that earth was center of cosmos.
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Nicolas Copernicus
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Proved earth revolved around sun in 1543.
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Johannes Kepler
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Altered Copernican theory. Planets orbited in ellipses.
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Galileo Galilei
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Turned telescope towards sky & measured mountains on moon.
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Isaac Newton
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Proved existence of gravity & invented calculus.
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Thomas Hobbes
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17th-century English philosopher who first wrote about "state of nature." LEVIATHAN argued that humans needed an absolute ruler.
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John Locke
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English philosopher who believed that government could be overthrown if oppressive. Wrote TWO TREATISES OF GOVERNMENT.
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How did science influence other areas of life in 17th-century Europe?
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Better weapons-->stronger armies
Better understanding of travel & seas |
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What was so revolutionary about the discovery of space & the sun as the center of the galaxy?
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It caused religious Europeans to question their belief in God & humans as the most important creation in the universe
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Pierre Boyle
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Moral relativist & skepticist
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Historiography
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The study of history became more scientific during the Scientific Revolution--documents were now collected, analyzed, cited, common sense of dating, common Gregorian calendar. The study of the Bible proved parts of it questionable, which created controversy.
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Natural law
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Belief that the universe is ordered, human beings are rational, there are universal laws. Influenced egalitarianism & constitutionalism.
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