Chapter 6 Soc Psy

Front 1

Social Influence

Back 1

It is defined as the influence of other people on our everyday thoughts, feelings, and behavior.

Front 2

Social Influence

Back 2

It leads individuals, sometimes against their will, to adopt and adhere to the opinions of others.

Front 3

Conformity

Back 3

It is the outcome of social influence

Front 4

Conformity

Back 4

It refers to the change in beliefs, opinions, and behaviors as a result of our perceptions about what people believe or do.

Front 5

Leadership

Back 5

It is the ability to direct or inspire others to achieve goals.

Front 6

Informational social influence

Back 6

It is the change in opinions or behavior that occur when we conform to people who we believe have accurate information.

Front 7

Informational social influence

Back 7

It is often the result of social comparison.

Front 8

Social comparison

Back 8

It is the process of comparing our opinions with those of others to gain an accurate appraisal of the validity of an opinion or behavior.

Front 9

Private acceptance

Back 9

It is the result of conformity due to informational social influence

Front 10

Private acceptance

Back 10

The real change in opinions on the part of the individual

Front 11

Informational social influence

Back 11

It is conforming to be accurate

Front 12

Normative social influence

Back 12

It is conforming to be liked and to avoid rejection

Front 13

Social norms

Back 13

It is the socially accepted beliefs about what we do or should do in particular social contexts.

Front 14

Social norms

Back 14

It is the socially accepted beliefs about what we do or should do in particular social contexts.

Front 15

Public compliance

Back 15

is a superficial change in behavior (including the public expression of opinion) that is not accompanied by an actual change in one’s opinion.

Front 16

Majority influence

Back 16

It is conforming to the group.

Front 17

Majority influence

Back 17

It occurs when the beliefs held by the larger number of individuals in the current social group prevail.

Front 18

Minority influence

Back 18

It occurs when the beliefs held by the smaller number of individuals in the current social group prevail.

Front 19

Autokinetic effect

Back 19

Study the outcomes of conformity on the development of group norms.

Front 20

Muzafer Sherif

Back 20

He uses a perceptual phenomenon known as the autokinetic.

Front 21

Autokinetic effect

Back 21

It is caused by rapid, small movements of our eyes as we view objects and that allow us to focus on stimuli in our environment.

Front 22

Minority influence

Back 22

It is resisting group pressure

Front 23

Minority influence

Back 23

cases in which a smaller number of individuals are able to influence the opinions or behaviors of the group

Front 24

Moscovici, Lage, Naffrechoux

Back 24

Created test for minority influence

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Social impact

Back 25

The increase in amount of conformity that is produced by adding new members to the majority group.

Front 26

Social power

Back 26

the ability of a person to create conformity even when the people being influenced may attempt to resist those changes

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Experimenter

Back 27

Person in charge of the session

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Teacher

Back 28

A volunteer for a single session.

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Leader

Back 29

An actor and confederate of the experimenter

Front 30

Abu Ghraib

Back 30

is an Iraqi prison in which US soldiers physically and psychologically tortured their Iraqi prisoners.

Front 31

Brewer, 2003

Back 31

People prefer to have an “optimal” balance between being similar to, and different from, others

Front 32

Reactance

Back 32

represents a desire to restore freedom that is being threatened

Front 33

Reward power

Back 33

It is the ability to distribute positive or negative rewards

Front 34

Reward power

Back 34

It occurs when one person is able to influence others by providing them with positive outcomes.

Front 35

Coercive power

Back 35

The ability to dispense punishments.

Front 36

Coercive power

Back 36

It is the power that is based on the ability to create negative outcomes for others, for instance by bullying, intimidating, or otherwise, punishing.

Front 37

Legitimate power

Back 37

It is the authority that comes from a belief on the part of those being influenced that the person has a legitimate right to demand obedience.

Front 38

Referent power

Back 38

It is influence based on the identification with, attraction to, or respect for the power-holder.

Front 39

Expert power

Back 39

A power that comes from others’ beliefs that the power-holder possesses superior skills and abilities.

Front 40

Expert power

Back 40

Represents a type of informational influence based on the fundamental desire to obtain valid and accurate information, and where the outcome is likely to be private acceptance.

Front 41

Leader

Back 41

a person who has a power over others, in the sense that the person is able to influence them.

Front 42

Personality theories of leadership

Back 42

Explanations of leadership based on the idea that some people are simply “natural leaders” because they possesses personality characteristics that make them effective.

Front 43

Charismatic leader

Back 43

Leaders who are enthusiastic, committed and self-confident; who tend to talk about the importance of group goals at a broad level; and who make personal sacrifices for the group.

Front 44

Charismatic leader

Back 44

They use referent power to uplift, motivate and inspire others.

Front 45

Transactional leader

Back 45

They are the more regular leaders who work with their subordinates to help them understand what is required of them and to get the job done.