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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Weather
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the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place
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Atmosphere
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the relatively thin layer of gases that form Earth's outermost layer
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Water vapor
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water in the form of a gas
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density
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the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume
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air pressure
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the pressure caused by the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area
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barometer
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an instrument used to measure changes in air pressure
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mercury barometer
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an instrument that measures changes in air pressure consisting of a glass tube partially filled with mercury, with its open end resting in a dish of mercury
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aneroid barometer
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an instrument that measures changes in air pressure without a liquid
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altitude
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elevation above sea level
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troposphere
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the lowest layer of Earths atmosphere
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stratosphere
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the second layer of Earth's atmosphere
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mesosphere
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the layer of Earth's atmosphere immediatly above the stratosphere
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thermosphere
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the outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere
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ionosphere
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the lower part of the thermosphere
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exosphere
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the outer layer of the thermosphere
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electromagnetic waves
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a wave that can transfer electric and magnetic energy through the vacuum of space
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radiation
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the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves
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infrared radiation
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Electromagnetic waves with the that are longer than visible light but shorter than microwaves
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ultraviolet radiation
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays
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scattering
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reflection of light in all directions
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greenhouse effect
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the trapping of heat near a planet's surface by certain gases in the planet's atmosphere
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temperature
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how hot or cold something is; a measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance; the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substances
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thermal energy
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the total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles of an object
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thermometer
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an insrument used to measure temperature
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heat
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the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object
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convection
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the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid
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conduction
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the transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another
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convection currents
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the movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of a fluid to another
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wind
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the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
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anemometer
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an instrument used to measure wind speed
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windchill factor
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a measure of cooling combining temperature and wind speed
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local winds
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winds that blow over short distances
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sea breeze
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the flow of cooler air from over an ocean of lake toward land
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land breeze
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the flow of air from land to a body of water
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global winds
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winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances
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Coriolis effect
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the effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents
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latitude
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the distance in degrees north or south of the equator
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