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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Functions of the skeletal system |
-Support -Protection -Assist body movements -Mineral homeostasis -Hormone secretion -Blood cell production -Storage of energy |
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Hematopoesis |
Produces red blood cells, white blood cells and platlets |
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2 major skeletal tissues |
cartilage & bones |
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Chondrocytes form |
cartilage matrix |
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The perichondrium surrounds |
dense connective tissue girdle |
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is cartilage poorly or highly vascularized? |
poorly |
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What distinguishes cartilage types? |
fiber types |
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What type of fiber does elastic cartilage contain? |
elastic fibers |
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what type of fibers does hyaline cartilage contain? |
collage fibers only |
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what type of fibers do fibro cartilage contain? |
thick collagen fibers |
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Articular cartilage is |
the thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis of long bones |
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Where is articular cartilage found? |
where the bone forms an articular (joint) surface |
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look at |
ch 6 pt 1 slide 9 |
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Bone is |
a highly vascularized connective tissue with a hard,mineralized, extra cellular matrix |
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Compact bone function |
-provides protection and support -forms the diaphysis of long bones -forms external layer of all bones |
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Spongy bone function |
-provides tissue support -forms most of epyphyisis
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Bone is composed of |
25% water 25% organic proteins 50% mineral salts |
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orangic constituents |
collagen fibers provide flexibility and tensile strength |
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long bones |
longer than they are wide |
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short bones |
cube shaped bones vary in size and number (in each individual) |
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Flat bones |
flat, thin, slightly curved (sternum,scapulae, ribs, most skull bones) |
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irregular bones |
complicated shapes (vertebrae, coxal bones) |
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sesamoid bones |
within tendons (patella) |
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The periosteum is |
a tough sheath of dense, irregular,connective tissue on outside of bone |
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the periosteum has |
a double layered membrane and many nerve fibers and blood vessels |
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the medullary cavity contains |
fatty yellow bone marrow |
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endosteum |
delicate connective tissue membrane that covers internal bone surface -contains osteogenic cells |
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osteoblasts |
bone building cells -actively mitotic |
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osteoclasts |
large bone break down cells |
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osteocytes |
monitor and maintain bone matrix -respond and commuincate mechanical stimuli to osteoblasts and osteoclasts so bone remodeling can be done |
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diaphysis |
is the shaft or body of a long bone |
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epiphysis |
form the end of long bones |
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metaphyses |
contains the epiphyseal plate |
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osteons are formed from (aka haversian system) |
concentric lamellae (rings of calcified matrix) |
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outer circumfrential lamallae encircle |
the bone beneath the periosteum |
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inner circumfrential lamallae encircle |
the medullary cavity |
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lacunae are |
small spaces between the lamallae |
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canaliculi |
small channels filled with extracellular fluid connecting the lacunae |
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the central canal |
central space in the osteon that houses blood and lymphatic vessels |
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perforating (volksman) canal |
allows transit of these vessels to the outer cortex of the bone |
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what does spongy bone lack? |
osteons. instead the have lamallae arranged in a lattice of thin columns called trabaculae |