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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Functions of the skeletal system

-Support


-Protection


-Assist body movements


-Mineral homeostasis


-Hormone secretion


-Blood cell production


-Storage of energy

Hematopoesis

Produces red blood cells, white blood cells and platlets

2 major skeletal tissues

cartilage & bones

Chondrocytes form

cartilage matrix

The perichondrium surrounds

dense connective tissue girdle

is cartilage poorly or highly vascularized?

poorly

What distinguishes cartilage types?

fiber types

What type of fiber does elastic cartilage contain?

elastic fibers

what type of fibers does hyaline cartilage contain?

collage fibers only

what type of fibers do fibro cartilage contain?

thick collagen fibers

Articular cartilage is

the thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis of long bones

Where is articular cartilage found?

where the bone forms an articular (joint) surface

look at

ch 6 pt 1 slide 9

Bone is

a highly vascularized connective tissue with a hard,mineralized, extra cellular matrix

Compact bone function

-provides protection and support


-forms the diaphysis of long bones


-forms external layer of all bones

Spongy bone function

-provides tissue support


-forms most of epyphyisis


Bone is composed of

25% water


25% organic proteins


50% mineral salts

orangic constituents

collagen fibers provide flexibility and tensile strength

long bones

longer than they are wide

short bones

cube shaped bones


vary in size and number (in each individual)

Flat bones

flat, thin, slightly curved


(sternum,scapulae, ribs, most skull bones)

irregular bones

complicated shapes


(vertebrae, coxal bones)

sesamoid bones

within tendons


(patella)

The periosteum is

a tough sheath of dense, irregular,connective tissue on outside of bone

the periosteum has

a double layered membrane and many nerve fibers and blood vessels

the medullary cavity contains

fatty yellow bone marrow

endosteum

delicate connective tissue membrane that covers internal bone surface


-contains osteogenic cells

osteoblasts

bone building cells


-actively mitotic

osteoclasts

large bone break down cells

osteocytes

monitor and maintain bone matrix


-respond and commuincate mechanical stimuli to osteoblasts and osteoclasts so bone remodeling can be done

diaphysis

is the shaft or body of a long bone

epiphysis

form the end of long bones

metaphyses

contains the epiphyseal plate

osteons are formed from


(aka haversian system)

concentric lamellae (rings of calcified matrix)

outer circumfrential lamallae encircle

the bone beneath the periosteum

inner circumfrential lamallae encircle

the medullary cavity

lacunae are

small spaces between the lamallae

canaliculi

small channels filled with extracellular fluid connecting the lacunae

the central canal

central space in the osteon that houses blood and lymphatic vessels

perforating (volksman) canal

allows transit of these vessels to the outer cortex of the bone

what does spongy bone lack?

osteons. instead the have lamallae arranged in a lattice of thin columns called trabaculae