Chapter 6: Group Processes Pt. 2

Front 1

“A dynamic process which is reflected in the tendency for a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives and/or for the satisfaction of member affective needs”. Feelings of interpersonal attraction and sense of belonging to a group by its members

Back 1

Cohesion

Front 2

Degree to which group allows individualto reach desired goal

Back 2

Social cohesion

Front 3

Degree to which team andindividuals reach respective goals

Back 3

Task cohesion

Front 4

1. Group integration

2. Individual attraction to team

Back 4

Parts of Perception

Front 5

Collective perception =how do I perceive cohesionas a whole team

Back 5

Group integration

Front 6

- How do I relate to group on a social level or task level

- Individual purpose (why you're doing what you’re doing)

- Personal feelings towards the group

Back 6

Individual attraction to the team

Front 7

Howa person perceivestheir relationshipwith their group

Back 7

Group Integration-Social (GI-S)

Front 8

Howa person perceives ateam as a wholecoping together to achievea task

Back 8

Group Integration-Task (GI-T)

Front 9

Do I connect with a group who believes there an attraction there? Am I there b/c my friends are there? = higher attraction. High social focus

Back 9

Individual Attraction-Social (IA-S)

Front 10

Individual attraction to achieve a goal

Back 10

Individual Attraction-Task (IA-T)

Front 11

1. Group Size

2. Interaction among group members

3. Clarity of group goals

4. Clarity of role

5. Acceptance of group goals

6. Shared perceptions

7. Geographical Proximity

8. Warmth of group atmosphere

9. Personal sacrifice/overcoming adversity

10. Leader's appreciation of members' performances

Back 11

Factors influencing cohesion

Front 12

Larger groups; less chance for task/social cohesion. Size dependent on type of task

Back 12

Group size

Front 13

Sports requiring more interaction (soccer, rugby) – success directly linked to the ability to coordinate.

Co-acting sports (rowing, synchronized diving) – requirement of team cohesion not as great

Back 13

Interaction among group members

Front 14

- Challenging and agreed upon goals

- Ability to measure goal achievement

- Focus for performance strengthens cohesiveness

Back 14

Clarity of group goals

Front 15

- Goals only as effective as group’s agreement with them

- Cohesion ↑ with acceptance

- Everyone needs to agree on goals to increase cohesion

- Goal setting participation = ↑ cohesion

Back 15

Acceptance of group goals

Front 16

Leadership style that balances need for authority with humanistic, respectful approach ↑ cohesion

Back 16

Warmth of group atmosphere

Front 17

Understanding and acceptanceof position

Back 17

Clarity of member role

Front 18

Physical proximity of group members ↑ cohesion (player positions, interaction)

Back 18

Geographical factors

Front 19

- Giving up something of personal value (time & energy in training & travel at expense of personal life)

- Losing team member or overcoming hardship -brings the team together when someone leaves/dies

Back 19

Personal sacrifice/overcoming adversity

Front 20

- Share attitudes, beliefs and motives

- Time, common experiences

Back 20

Shared Perceptions

Front 21

- Recognition is a basic social need

- Providing positive feedback

- Recognition for contribution to team and individual performance

Back 21

Leader's appreciation of members' contributions

Front 22

- Group’s belief about member competence

- Senseof collectivecompetence shared among individuals when allocating, coordinating, andintegrating resourcesin successful concerted responseto specific situational demands (a team's sense of competence when respondingto specific situational demands)

Back 22

Group efficacy

Front 23

- Set challenging yet realistic goals

- Possess high group performance expectations

- Perceive group skills as sufficient to meet goals

- Give 100% personal effort

Back 23

How to anticipate success

Front 24

1. Shared beliefs

2. Coordinative capabilities

3. Collective resources

4. Situational specificity

Back 24

4 components of group efficacy

Front 25

- Members should have same beliefs in group’s ability to meet goals & expectations of success

- Everyone on the same page

Back 25

Shared beliefs

Front 26

- Members ability to interact and complete functions in timely, planned manner to lead to successful outcome

- Trust competencies of teammates

Back 26

Coordinative capabilities

Front 27

- Belief of each member that team has resources/skills necessary to be successful

- Causal attributions – how members attribute causes for success (or failure)

Back 27

Collective resources

Front 28

- Instances in which team has strong belief about its competence in some (not all) aspects of performance (i.e., defense vs. offence)

Back 28

Situational Specificity

Front 29

-A relationship can be described as one of the “glues” that holds a team together

- Coaches who know how to build good relationships with their athletes find their players are more receptive to their ideas

Back 29

Coach-Athlete relationship

Front 30

1. Closeness

2. Commitment

3. Complementary

4. Co-orientation

Back 30

4 dimensions of C-A relationship

Front 31

Emotional bond (trust, care, support)

Back 31

Closeness

Front 32

Desire to maintain relationship

Back 32

Commitment

Front 33

Cooperative and affiliated interaction

Back 33

Complementary

Front 34

Congruency of relationship perception

Back 34

Co-orientation