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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Casual logic |
The relationship between a condition or variable and a particular consequence, with one leading to the other. |
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Code of ethics |
The standards of acceptable behavior developed by and for members of a profession. |
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Content analysis |
The systematic coding and objective recording of data, guided by some rationale. |
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Control group |
The subjects in an experiment who are not introduced to the independent variable by the researcher. |
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Control variable |
A factor that is held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable. |
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Correlation |
A relationship between two variables in which a change in one coincides with a change in the other. |
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Cross-tabulation |
A table or matrix that shows the relationship between two or more variables. |
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Dependent variable |
The variable in a causal relationship that is subject to the influence of another variable. |
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Ethnography |
The study of an entire social setting through extended systematic fieldwork. |
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Experiment |
An artificially created situation that allows a researcher to manipulate variables. |
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Experimental group |
The subjects in an experiment who are exposed to an independent variable introduced by a researcher. |
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Hawthorne effect |
The unintended influence that observers of experiments can have on their subjects. |
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Hypothesis |
A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. |
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Independent variable |
The variable in a casual relationship that causes or influences a change in another variable. |
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Interview |
A face-to-face, phone, or online questioning of a respondent to obtain desired information. |
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Mean |
A number calculated by adding a series of values and then dividing by the number of values. |
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Median |
The midpoint or number that divides a series of values into two groups of equal numbers of values. |
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Mode |
The single most common value in a series of scores. |
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Observation |
A research technique in which an investigator collects information through direct participation, by closely watching a group or community. |
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Operational definition |
An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to asses the concept. |
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Percentage |
A portion of 100. |
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Qualitative research |
Research that relies on what is seen in the field or naturalistic setting more that on statistical data. |
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Quantitative research |
Research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form. |
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Questionnaire
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A printed or written form used to obtain information from a respondent.
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Random sample
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A sample for which every member of an entire population has the same chance of being selected.
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Reliablity
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The extent to which a measure produces consistent results.
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Research design
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A detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically.
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Sample |
A selection from a larger population that is statistically representative of that population.
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Scientific method
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A systematic, organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem.
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Secondary analysis |
A variety of research techniques that make use of previously collected and publicly accessible information and data. |
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Survey |
A study, generally in the form of an interview or questionnaire, that provides researchers with information about how people think and act. |
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Validity |
The degree to which a measure or scale truly reflects the phenomenon under study. |
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Value neutrality |
Max Weber's term for objectivity of sociologists in the interpretation of data. |
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Variable |
A measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions. |
