Chapter 6

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

Anatomy is the science of the structure of the human body or other organisms and their parts.

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

The study of the functions and activities performed by the bodies structures.

Front 3

Histology (Microscopic Anatomy)

Back 3

The study of tiny structures found in tissue.

Front 4

Protoplasm

Back 4

It makes up the cells of all living things. A colorless, jelly-like substance found inside cells in which food elements such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water are present.

Front 5

Nucleus

Back 5

Is the dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell.

Front 6

Cytoplasm

Back 6

The part of the protoplasm that exists outside of the nucleus and inside the cell wall.

Front 7

Cell membrane

Back 7

The cell part that encloses and holds the protoplasm while still allowing soluble substances to enter and leave the cell.

Front 8

Mitosis (Daughter Cells)

Back 8

The usual process of cell reproduction of human tissues This occurs when the cell divides into two identical cells called daughter cells.

Front 9

Metabolism

Back 9

Is a chemical process that takes place in living organisms, through which the cells are nourished and carry out their activities.

Front 10

Anabolism

Back 10

Is called constructive metabolism because it’s the process for combining smaller molecules to build larger and more complex molecules.

Front 11

Catabolism

Back 11

Is the phase of metabolism in which larger more complex molecules are broken down within the cells to create smaller simpler molecules.

Front 12

Tissue

Back 12

Is a collection of similar cells that performs a specialized function.

Front 13

Connective tissue

Back 13

Is a fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the body.

Front 14

Epithelial tissue

Back 14

Is a protective covering on body surfaces.

Front 15

Muscle tissue

Back 15

Contracts and moves various parts of the body.

Front 16

Nerve tissue

Back 16

Carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all bodily functions.

Front 17

Organs

Back 17

Are structures composed of specialized tissues that allowed them to perform specific functions.

Front 18

Body system

Back 18

Consists of a group of body organs acting together to perform one or more function.

Front 19

Brain

Back 19

Controls the body.

Front 20

Eyes

Back 20

Control the body’s vision.

Front 21

Heart

Back 21

Circulates the blood.

Front 22

Kidneys

Back 22

Excrete water and waste products.

Front 23

Liver

Back 23

Removes waste created by digestion.

Front 24

Lungs

Back 24

Supply oxygen to the blood and exhale waste gases.

Front 25

Skin

Back 25

External protective coating that covers the body.

Front 26

Stomach

Back 26

Digest food along with the intestines.

Front 27

Intestines

Back 27

Digest food along with the stomach.

Front 28

Circulatory

Back 28

Controls the steady circulation of the blood to the body by means of the heart and blood vessels.

Front 29

Digestive

Back 29

Change food into nutrients and wastes; consists of mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands and other organs.

Front 30

Endocrine

Back 30

Purifies the body by illuminating waste matter; consist of kidneys, liver, skin, large intestine, and lungs.

Front 31

Integumentary

Back 31

Serves as a protective covering and helps regulate the body’s temperature; consists of skin and it’s an accessory organs, such as oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails.

Front 32

Lymphatic or immune

Back 32

Protects the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease causing toxins and bacteria.

Front 33

Muscular

Back 33

Covers, shapes, and holds the skeletal system in place; the muscular system contracts and moves various parts of the body.

Front 34

Nervous

Back 34

Controls and coordinates all other systems inside of the body and makes them work harmoniously and effectively; consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Front 35

Reproductive

Back 35

Produce offspring and passes on the genetic code from one generation to another.

Front 36

Respiratory

Back 36

Enables breathing, supplying the body with oxygen, and eliminating carbon dioxide and other gases as waste products; consists of the lungs and air passages.

Front 37

Skeletal

Back 37

Forms the physical foundation of the body; consists of 206 bones that vary in size and shape and are connected by movable and inmovable joints.

Front 38

Body systems

Back 38

Are groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions.

Front 39

Skeletal systems

Back 39

Is the physical foundation of the body.

Front 40

Joint

Back 40

Is the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton. There are two types of joints immovable and movable.