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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
angina pectoris AKA angina
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is episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium. These episodes are due to ischemia of the heart muscle.
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anticoagulant
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slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming. Coagulation is the formation of blood clots.
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atherosclerosis
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is hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaques
(ather/o means plaque or fatty substance and -sclerosis means abnormal hardening) |
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Ischemia
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is a temporary deficiency in blood supply due to either the constricton(narrowing) or the obstruction(blockage) of a blood vessel (isch means to hold back and -emia means blood.
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bradycardia
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is an abnormally slow heartbeat (brady-means slow, card means heart, and -ia means abnrmal condition). This term is usually applied to rates less than 60 beats per minute. (compare with tachycardia)
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cardiac arrhythmia AKA dysrhythmia
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is a change in the rhythm of the heartbeat.
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cardiomegaly
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is the abnormal enlargement of the heart (cardi/o means heart, and -megaly means abnormal enlargement.
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cholesterol
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is a waxy fat like substance that travels in the blood in packages called lipoproteins. Som cholesterol in the blood is necessary;however, excessively high levels can ead to heart disease.
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defibrillation AKA cardioversion
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is the use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm. This shock is provided by a defibrillator.
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electrocardiogram
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is the record produced by the process of electrocardiography.
electrocardiography is the process of recording the electrical activity of the myocardium (electr/o means electric, cardi/o means heart, and -graphy means the process of recording). |
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abrev.
AF |
atrial fibrillation
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abrev.
AED |
automated external defibrillator
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abrev.
CPR |
cardiopulmonry resuscitation
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abrev.
CHF |
congestive heart failure
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abrev.
CABG |
coronary artery bypass graft
(cabbage) |
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abrev.
CAD |
coronary artery disease
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abrev.
DVT |
deep vein thrombosis
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abrev.
ECG/EKG |
electrocardiogram
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abrev.
Hb or HB |
hemoglobin
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abrev.
HDL |
high-density lipoprotein
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abrev.
LDL |
low-density lipoprotein
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coronary artery bypass graft- AKA bypass surgery-CABG.
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this surgery requires opening the chest, a piece of vein from the leg or chest is implanted on the heart to replace a blocked coronary artery and to improve the flow of blood to the heart.
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septicemia AKA blood poisoning
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is a systmic disease caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood.
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cholesterol
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is a waxy fat like substance that travels in the blood in packages called lipoproteins. Some cholesterol in the blood is necessary; however, excessively high levels can lead to heart disease.
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low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-LDL-. AKA bad cholesterol
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because excess quantities contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries. (LDL is bad)
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high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-HDL-. AKA good cholesterol
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because it carries unneeded cholesterol back to the liver for processing and does not contribute to plaque buildup. (HDL is good)
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embolism
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is the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus(embol means something inserted and
-ism means condition).The embolism is often named for the causative factor, such as an air embolism or a fat embolism. |
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deep vein thrombosis-DVT
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is the condition of having a thrombus attached to the wall of a deep vein. When a pt. is bedridden, these sometimes form in the legs. The danger is that the thrombus will break loose and travel to a lung where it can be fatal.
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thrombosis-T
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is the abnormal condition of having a thrombus (thromb means clot and -osis means abnormal condition)
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varicose veins-VV
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are abnormally swollen veins, usually occuring in the legs.
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phlebitis
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is the inflammation of a vein (phleb means vein and -itis means inflammation). This usualy occurs in a superficial vein.
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aneurysm
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is a localized weak spot, or balloon-like enlargement, of the wall of an artery. The rupture of an aneurysm may be fatal because of the rapid loss of blood.
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paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
-AKA- PAT |
is an episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium. PAT is caused by an abnormality in the electrical system. (paroxysmal means pertaining to sudden occurrence).
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palpitation
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is a pounding or racing heart with or without irregularity in rhythm. This is associated with certain heart disorders; however it also may be a response accompanying a panic attack.
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fibrillation
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describes rapid, random, quivering, and ineffective contractions of the heart.
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valvular prolapse
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is the abnormal protrusion of the value that results in the inability of the valve to close completely. Prolapse means the falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part. This condition is named for the affected valve, such as a mitral valve prolapse.
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congestive heart failure-CHF
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is a syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs for oxegen and nutrients. In response to the reduced blood flow, the kineys retain mre fluid within the body, and this fluid accumulates in the legs, ankles, and lungs. The term congestive is an adjective that describes fluid buildup.
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myocardial infarction-AKA-heart attack
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is the occlusion (blockage) of one or more coronary arteries resulting in an infarct of the affected myocardium. This damage to the myocardium impairs the heart's ability to pump blood throughout the body.
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infarction
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is a sudden insufficiency of blood that causes necrosis (tissue death). An infarct is the resulting localized area of necrosis.
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infarct
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is the resulting localized area of necrosis.
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hemoglobin-Hb or HB
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is the iron-containing pigment of the erythrocytes. The role of hemoglobin is to transport oxygen from the lungs to all of the body tissues.
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bundle of His (HISS)
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named for Wilhelm His Jr. a nineteenth century Swiss physician, is located within the interventricular septum. Branches of the bundle of His carry the electrical imulses to the right and left ventricles and the Purkinje fibers.
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Purkinje fibers
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named for Jahannes Purkinje, a nineteenth century physiologist, causes the ventricles to contract simultaneously forcing blood into the aorta and pulmonary arteries.
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orthostatic hypertension AKA postural hypotension
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is low blood pressure that occurs in a standing posture. Orthostatic means relating to an upright or standing postition.
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aort/o
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aorta
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arteri/o
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artery
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ather/o
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plaque, fatty substance
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angi/o
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relating to blood or lymph vessels
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brady-
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slow
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-emia
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blood or blood condition
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coron/o
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crown, coronary
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cardi/o
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heart
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erythr/o
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red
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ven/o
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vein
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leuk/o
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white
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phleb/o
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vein
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tachy-
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fast, rapid
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thromb/o
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clot
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hem/o
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blood, relating to blood
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the term meaning white blood cells is__________
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leukocytes
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commonly known as the natural pacemaker, the proper name of the structure is/are the_________
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sinoatrial node (SA)
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the myocardium receives it's blood supply from the_________
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coronary arteries
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an elevated_______ count usually indicates a chronic infection.
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monocyte
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the bicuspid heart valve is also known as the ______valve.
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mitral
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the hear chamber that pumps blood to the lungs is the_________
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right ventricle
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the smallest formed elements in the blood are the__________
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thrombocytes
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the term that describes a foreign object circulating in the blood is__________
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embolus
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blood flows from the right ventricle to the_________
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lungs
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the white blood cells that fight infection by phagocytosis are_________
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neutrophils
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a hollow muscular organ
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heart
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cardiac muscle
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myocardium
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external layer of the heart
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epicardium
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inner lining of the heart
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endocardium
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sac enclosing the heart
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pericardium
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the substance also known as good cholesterol is___________
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high-density lipoprotein
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an abnormally slow heartbeat is described as___________
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bradycardia
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rapid, random, and ineffective contractions of the heart are described as______________
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dysrhythmia
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when the ventricles of the heart contract,_________pressure occurs.
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systolic
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a/an_________ occurs when a pt. receives a transfusion of mismatched blood
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hemolytic reaction
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a change in the rhythm of the heartbeat is known as a__________
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arrhythmia
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________is a disorder characterized by short-lived red blood cells
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thalassemia
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CAD
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coronary artery disease
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CHF
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congestive heart failure
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HB or Hb
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hemoglobin
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MI
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myocardial infarction
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Vf
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ventricular fibrillation
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the systemic disease caused by the spread of mo's and their toxins via the circulating blood is known as___________
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septicemia
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chronic hypetension, which is caused by a different medical problem, is known as_________hypertension.
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secondary
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the blood disorder in which red blood cells are larger than normal, and which is usually caused by a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B12 is________anemia
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megaloblastic
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medications administered to lower high blood pressure are known as _____________
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antihypertensives
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a bacterial infection of the lining or valves of the heart is known as bacterial___________
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endocarditis
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plasma with the clotting proteins removed is called_________
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serum
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an abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood is known as____________
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thrombocartitis
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when present in the blood in elevated levels, the amino acid___________ can damage arterial wals and increase the risk of coronary artery disease
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homocysteine
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word parts
APLASTIC anemia |
a-
plast -ic |
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word parts
ANEURYSMORRHAPHY |
aneurysm/o
-rrhaphy |
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-rrhaphy
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surgical suturing
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aneurysm/o
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aneurysm
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word parts
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY |
electr/o
cardi/o -graphy |
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word parts
POLYARTERITIS |
poly-
arter -itis |
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-itis
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inflammation
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word parts
VALVOPLASTY |
valv/o
-plasty |
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__________is a benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels.
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hemangioma
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spasmodic choking of suffocating pain caused by a lack of oxygen to his heart muscle is a condition known as__________
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angina pectoris
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what is the term used for the drop in your blood pressure when you stand up
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orthostatic hypotension
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a________is implanted as treatment to control atrial fibrillation
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pacemaker
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an obstructive lesion in the mitral valve of the heart is________
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mitral valvitis
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__________is a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart
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ischemic heart disease(IHD)
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a fast heartbeat of sudden onset is known as _________
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paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
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inflammation of the vein is known as__________
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phlebitis
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the term meaning any abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood is____________
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dyscrasia
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the_______receives oxygen-poor blood from all tissues, except the lungs, through the superior and inferior venae cavae. Blood flows out of the_____ through the tricuspid valve into the RV
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right atrium(RA)
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the_______pumps the oxygen-poor blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs
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right ventricle(RV)
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the_________receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins. The blood flows out of the _____, through the mitral valve, and into the LV.
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left atrium
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the__________receives oxygen rich blood from the left atrium. Blood flows out of the ____ through the aortic semilunar valve and into the aorta, which carries it to all parts of the body, except the lungs
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left ventricle(LV)
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oxygen-poor blood is returned by the _____ ________ to the right atrium and the cycle continues
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venae cavae
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